Class 10 Science MCQ Chapter 9 Heredity and evolution, Class 10 Science MCQ Question Answer, Class 10 Science Multiple Choice Question Answer to each chapter is provided in the list of SCERT Science Class 10 Objective Types Question Answer so that you can easily browse through different chapters and select needs one. Class 10 Science MCQ Chapter 9 Heredity and evolution Question Answer can be of great value to excel in the examination.
SCERT Class 10 Science MCQ Chapter 9 Heredity and evolution
SCERT Class 10 General Science MCQ Chapter 9 Heredity and evolution Notes covers all the exercise questions in SCERT Science Textbooks. The NCERT Class 10 Science MCQ Chapter 9 Heredity and evolution provided here ensures a smooth and easy understanding of all the concepts. Understand the concepts behind every chapter and score well in the board exams.
Heredity and evolution
Chapter – 9
Multiple Choice Questions & Answers
1. For which pair of following alleles, we will get a shorter plant-
(a) TT
(b) Tt
(c) tt
(d) tT
Ans: (c) tt
2. Which pair of sex chromosomes represents a girl child –
(a) XY
(b) XX
(c) YY
(d) none of these.
Ans: (b) XX
3. Which one of the following represents analogous characteristics-
(a) Fore-limbs of a lizard and a frog.
(b) Fore-limbs of a monkey and a bird.
(c) Wings of a bat and a bird.
(d) Arms of a bat and a bird.
Ans: (d) Arms of a bat and a bird.
4. If a hybrid generation is created with a pair of contrasting traits, the recessive trait is expressed in –
(a) F₂ generation.
(b) F₃ generation.
(c) F₁ generation.
(d) None of these.
Ans: F₂ generation.
5. Which one of the following is known as the phenotypic ratio of Mendel’s monohybrid cross –
(a) 1: 9
(b) 9 : 3 : 3 :1
(c) 3:1
(d) 9 : 1 : 3 : 3
Ans: (c) 3:1
6. Which one of the following is referred to as the phenotypic ratio of Mendel’s dihybrid cross –
(a) 9:1:1:3
(b) 9:3:3:1
(c) 1:3:9:3
(d) 9:3:1:3
Ans: (b) 9:3:3:1
7. Which of the following scientist is known as the ‘Father of Genetics’?
(a) Darwin.
(b) Johansen.
(c) Betison.
(d) Mendel.
Ans: (d) Mendel.
8. The physical basis of heredity is –
(a) Nucleus.
(b) Cytoplasm.
(c) Chromosomes.
(d) None of these.
Ans: (c) Chromosomes.
9. In the process of evolution, the process by which organism with new characteristics are produced due to the change in characteristics of the organism of a species by various factors is called.
(a) Speciation.
(b) Evolution.
(c) Inheritance.
(d) Variation.
Ans: (a) Speciation.
10. A Mendelian experiment consisted of breeding tall pea plants bearing violet flowers with short pea plants bearing white flowers. The progeny all bore violet flowers, but almost half of them were short. This suggests that the genetic make-up of the tall parent can be depicted as-
(a) TTWW
(b) TTww
(c) TtWW
(d) TtWw
Ans: (c) TtWW
11. An example of homologous organs is-
(a) Our arm and a dog’s fore-leg.
(b) Our teeth and an elephant’s tusks.
(c) Potato and runners of grass)
(d) All of the above.
Ans: (d) All of the above.
12. In evolutionary terms, we have more in common with-
(a) A chinese school-boy.
(b) A chimpanzee.
(c) A spider.
(d) A bacterium.
Ans: (a) A chinese school-boy.
13. The organs having different origin but similar appearance and similar functions are-
(a) Homologous.
(b) Analogous.
(c) Adjacent.
(d) Vestigial.
Ans: (b) Analogous.
14. Human originated in-
(a) Asia.
(b) Africa.
(c) Australia.
(d) Europe.
Ans: (b) Africa.
15. Oraganes similar in origin and basic structure but different in function are –
(a) Homologous.
(b) Analogous.
(c) Adjacent.
(d) Vestigial.
Ans: (a) Homologous.
Very Short & Short Type Questions and Answers:
1. What do you mean by heredity?
Ans: The transmission of parental characteristics to the next generation is referred to as heredity.
2. What is referred to as the basis of evolutionary process?
Ans: Selection of variants by environmental factors forms the basis of evolutionary process.
3. What do you mean by dominant traits?
Ans: The traits which were ex- pressed in the F₁ generation plants in the Mendel’s experiment are called dominant traits.
4. What are recessive traits?
Ans: The traits which were not expressed in the F₁ generation plants in Mendel’s experiment are called recessive traits.
5. What is monohybrid cross?
Ans: Monohybrid cross is an experiment on heredity in which a pair of contrasting characters are considered.
6. What is dihybrid cross?
Ans: Dihybrid cross is an experiment on heredity in which two pairs of contrasting characters are considered.
7. How is the animals developing in the eggs determined whether they will be male or female?
Ans: The temperature at which fertilised eggs are kept.
8. Name an animal in which sex is not genetically determined.
Ans: Snails.
9. What do you mean by evolution?
Ans: Evolution means the origin and development of new living organisms, on the surface of the earth as a result of slow but continuous change.
10. What are acquired traits?
Ans: The traits which are gained by the organisms due to the experiences during the life time are called acquired traits.
11. What are inherited traits?
Ans: The traits which are passed from one generation to the next generation are called inherited traits.
12. Name the factors which contribute in the process of evolution.
Ans: (i) Genetic drift
(ii) Natural selection.
13. What is genetic drift?
Ans: Accidents in small populations can change the frequency of some genes in a population, even if they give no survival advantage. This is called genetic drift.
14. What is natural selection?
Ans : Some variations are advantageous for survival of a species of organisms. In other words, nature has selected these variations and allowed those organisms to live having these particular variations. This is referred to as natural selection.
15. What is speciation?
Ans: Speciation refers to the creation of a new species of organism from a pre-existing species as a result of accumulation of variations over a long period of time.
16. Name the factors influencing speciation.
Ans: (i) Natural selection.
(ii) Genetic drift.
17. Name two methods used to trace evolutionary relationship.
Ans: (i) Studying homologous characteristics,
(ii) Studying fossils and time-dating.
18. What are homologous characteristics?
Ans: The characteristics which are similar in basic structure, but different in function are called homologous characteristics, Example- Fore-limbs of frog, lizard, bird and human.
19. What analogous characteristics?
Ans: The characteristics which are different in basic structure, but similar in function are called analogous characteristics. Example- Wing of a bat and wing of a bird.
20. What are fossils?
Ans: All preserved traces of living organisms are called fossils.
21. What is variation?
Ans: A slight. change in DNA in the organisms of the same population is called variation.
22. How is the pair of sex chromosome arranged in female human being?
Ans: The pair of sex chromosome in female human being is XX.
23. How is the pair of sex chromosome arranged in male human being?
Ans: The pair of sex chromosome in male human being is XY.
