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NIOS Class 12 Political Science Chapter 20 Regionalism And Regional Parties
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Regionalism And Regional Parties
Chapter: 20
POLITICAL SCIENCE
TEXT BOOK QUESTIONS AND THEIR ANSWERS
INTEXT QUESTIONS 20.1
Q. Fill in the blanks:
1. In the positive sense, regionalism is people’s love for their ………… and ………….
Ans. region, culture, language.
2. Regional party means a party who operates within a limited ………… area.
Ans. geographical.
3. In India we have ………….. regional parties. number of
Ans. larger.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 20.2
Q. True or False:
1. Regionalism has often led to the demand by states to greater autonomy from the centre. (True / False)
Ans. True.
2. Disputes regarding sharing water, primacy or language of majority also given rise to feelings of regionalism. (True / False)
Ans. True.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 20.3
Q. Fill in the blanks:
1. ………… is not a new phenomenon in the Indian Political System.
Ans. Regionalism.
2. Indian National Congress enjoyed monopoly of power between …………
Ans.1947-1967.
3. The close link between the ………… and ………….. leadership encouraged the growth of regionalism.
Ans. Central, regional.
4. Continuous neglect of a region by the ruling parties is a …………. of regionalism.
Ans. Cause.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 20.4
Q. Multiple Choice Questions:
1. A party which generally operates within a limited geographical area is called:
(a) Political Party.
(b) National Party.
(c) Regional Party.
(d) All the above.
Ans. (c) Regional Party.
2. Factors which have contributed to the growth regional parties are:
(a) Social.
(b) Ethnic.
(c) Cultural and geographical.
(d) All the above.
Ans. (d) All the above.
TERMINAL EXERCISES
Q.1. Explain the meaning of regionalism. Why is it dangerous?
Or
What is meant by regionalism?
Ans. I.The Meaning of regionalism: The term ‘regionalism’ has two connotations. In the negative sense it implies excessive attachment to one’s region is preference to the country or the state. In the positive sense it is a political attribute associated with people’s love for their region, culture, language, etc. With a view to maintain their independent identity. While positive regionalism is a welcome thing in far as it encourages the people to develop a sense of brotherhood and commonness on the basis of common language, region or historical background.
II. Regionalism as a Source of Danger: The feelings of regionalism may arise either due to the continuous neglect of a particular area or region by the ruling authorities or it may spring up as a result of increasing political awareness of backward people that have been discriminated against. Quite often some political leaders encourage the feeling of regionalism to maintain their hold over a particular area or a group of people.
The negative sense of regionalism is a great threat to the unity and integrity of the country. In the Indian context generally the term regionalism has been used in the negative sense.
Q.2. Discuss the different forms of regionalism.
Ans. The Form of Regionalism: Regionalism in India has assumed various forms like:
(a) Demand for State autonomy: Regionalism has often led to the demand by states for greater autonomy from the centre. Increasing interference by the centre in the affairs of the states have led to regional feelings. Demand for autonomy has also been raised by regions within some states of the Indian federation.
(b) Secession from the Union: This is a dangerous form of regionalism. It emerges when states demand separation from the centre and try to establish an independent identity of their own.
Q.3. Discuss the role of regional parties.
Ans. The Role of Regional Parties:
1. Introduction: Though the regional parties operate within very limited area and pursue only limited objectives, they have played significant roles both in the state as well as national politics.
2. Formation of State Governments: The regional political parties formed governments in several states and tried to give concrete shape to their policies and programmes. Some of the important regional parties which formed governments in various states include DMK and AIADMK in Tamil Nadu; National Conference in Jammu and Kashmir; Telugu Desam in Andhra Pradesh, Asam Gana Parishad in Assam; Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party in Goa; Mizo National Front in Mizoram; Sikkim Sangram Parishad in Sikkim; All Party Hill Leaders Conference in Meghalaya and Indian National Lok Dal (INLD) in Haryana.
3. Partners of Coalition Governments: Some of the regional parties were also partners in the coalition governments formed in several states after the fourth general election of 1967. At the centre however, the Regional Parties have been able to play only a limited role due in helping formation to government of Congress. DMK, a regional party, supported Mrs. Indira Gandhi’s government after split in the party in 1969 and enabled her to carry on government despite loss of majority in the Parliament. Telugu Desam was the pillar of Strength for the United Front and later the National Democratic Alliance.
4. Local Issues: The representatives of the regional parties focus the attention of the Parliament on issues in their region and try to influence the policies of the Government to promote their own interests.
5. Attention towards remote areas: But probably the greatest service rendered by the regional political parties is that they have focused the attention of the people in remote areas on various political and economic issues and contributed to their political awakening.
6. For Positive Attitude: Above all, the regional parties have been able to impress of the national political parties that they cannot put up with their attitude of indifference towards regional problems and have compelled them to take keen interest in the resolution of their problems.
7. Conclusion: In short it can be said that the regional political parties have not only profoundly influenced the regional politics but also left tremendous impact on the national politics.
OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS
Choose the correct answer:
Q.1. Factors which have contributed to the growth of regional parties are:
(a) Social.
(b) Ethnic.
(c) Cultural and geographical.
(d) All the above.
Ans. (d) All the above.
Q.2. A party which generally operates within a limited geographical area is classed.
(a) Political Party.
(b) National Party.
(c) Regional Party.
(d) All the above.
Ans. (c) Regional Party.
