NIOS Class 12 Environmental Science Chapter 24 Environmental Impact Assessment Solutions to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters NIOS Class 12 Environmental Science Chapter 24 Environmental Impact Assessment Notes and select need one. NIOS Class 12 Environmental Science Chapter 24 Environmental Impact Assessment Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Study Material of Class 12 Environmental Science Paper Code 333.
NIOS Class 12 Environmental Science Chapter 24 Environmental Impact Assessment
Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 12 Environmental Science Chapter 24 Environmental Impact Assessment Solutions, NIOS Senior Secondary Course Environmental Science Solutions for All Chapter, You can practice these here.
Environmental Impact Assessment
Chapter: 24
Module 7: Environmental Management
Textual Question Answer
INTEXT QUESTIONS 24.1
1. Expand EIA and define the term.
Ans: Environmental Impact Assessment. It is a tool to anticipate the likely environmental problems and threats due to a particular developmental activity.
2. Why is EIA necessary? Answer in one or two sentences.
Ans: To prevent environmental damage due to developmental activities.
3. What are the important aspects of EIA.
Ans: Important aspects of EIA include impact prediction, risk assessment, mitigation measures, public participation, monitoring, and environmental management.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 24.2
1. What is meant by environmental clearance?
Ans: Go-ahead signal from the government of India for carrying out developmental activity.
2. Name any three projects requiring such clearance.
Ans: Industries / Mining /Thermal power plants.
3. Name any two environmental components of EIA.
Ans: Air and Land.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 24.3
1. State the various steps in EIA.
Ans: Screening, scoping, collection of baseline data, impact prediction, mitigation measures and EIA report, public hearing, decision making, monitoring and implementation of environmental management plan, risk management.
2. Name six regional offices of India those undertake monitoring of cleared projects.
Ans: Shillong, Bhubaneshwar, Chandigarh, Bangalore, Lucknow and Bhopal.
3. What are the steps included for issuing environmental clearance or rejection letter?
Ans: Single window clearance, time frame, post project monitoring.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 24.4
1. Who gives the clearance for foresting projects?
Ans: The Government of India, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) gives the clearance for forest-related projects.
2. Apart from the government, two other’s are participants for EIA, name them.
Ans: Developer and Public.
3. What does the statement, “evaluation of EIA is possible only if EIA report is reliable”, mean?
Ans: The EIA report has to be exactly in keeping with the process and procedure laid down for EIA.
| TERMINAL EXERCISE |
1. What is EIA?
Ans: EIA is a tool for anticipating any harmful effects or developmental activities on the environment.
2. Why is EIA important?
Ans: EIA stands for the Environmental Impact Assessment. It is important for evaluating the socio-economic impacts, impact related to human health etc. It provides the allowance for certain developmental projects.
3. Give an account of the importance of development as against environmental protection.
Ans: Development is necessary for economic growth, employment, infrastructure, and better quality of life. However, unchecked development leads to environmental degradation. Environmental protection ensures sustainable use of resources so that development can continue in the long term. Thus, both development and environmental protection are important and must go hand in hand under the principle of sustainable development.
4. Explain the three core values of EIA.
Ans: Integrity, utility and sustainability are the core values of EIA.
5. Numerate the legal bases of EIA.
Ans: The legal basis of EIA in India is derived from:
(i) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 – provides the central government authority to take measures for environmental protection.
(ii) EIA Notifications (1994, 2006, and amendments) – mandate prior environmental clearance for certain categories of projects.
(iii) Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 and Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 – indirectly support EIA for projects involving forests or wildlife.
At the international level, UNEP guidelines provide principles for integrating ecological, social, and economic assessments.
6. What is meant by environmental clearance?
Ans: Environmental clearance is referred to as getting the clearance for certain projects such as developmental projects. The developmental projects are allowed by evaluating the socio-economic, human health impacts, environmental effects. It is given by ElA.
7. For which projects is environmental clearance mandatory?
Ans: There are two categories of projects – category A and Category B. The category A project is mandatory for environmental clearance.
8. What all is assessed under EIA?
Ans: Evaluation of environmental projects, the proposal of projects, taking into account inter-related socio-economic, cultural, and human health impacts, etc like things are assessed under ElA.
9. What is the composition of the expert committee for EIA.
Ans: The composition of the Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) for EIA includes:
(i) Chairperson – an eminent expert in environmental management or a related field.
(ii) Member-Secretary – a serving officer from MoEFCC.
(iii) Experts from different fields: ecology, forestry, environmental engineering, social sciences, health, air/water management, economics, project management, etc.
Thus, it is a multi-disciplinary committee to evaluate environmental impacts of projects.
10. Describe the various components of process of EIA.
Ans: The various components of the process of EIA are screening, scoping, assessment, evaluation of impacts, development, reporting, review, and monitoring of the condition.
11. Where are experts drawn from for EIA.
Ans: The national environmental agencies are:
(i) Ministry of environment and forest, this agency’s motto is to plan and promote and coordinate the implementation of environmental and forestry programs.
(ii) Central pollution and control board, this agency aims for controlling pollution.
(iii) Environmental governance and state pollution control board aims for controlling noise pollution.
12. Describe stepwise the procedure for environmental appraisal.
Ans: In the administrative structure of the central government, the MoEF, Ministry of environment and forest is the nodal agency It aims for planning and promoting various kinds of environmental and forestry programs. It aims for the conservation and survey of flora and fauna. It promotes afforestation and decreases chances of land degradation. Awareness among individuals is spread by this agency.
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