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NIOS Class 10 Folk Art Chapter 3 Contribution of Scholars And Artist
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Contribution of Scholars And Artist
Chapter: 3
INTEXT QUESTIONS 3.1
1. Which country did Stella Kramrisch belong to as an expert in Art history?
Ans: A scholar of Art and Art history of SouthEast Asia.
2. Which place was Stella Kramrisch invited to teach in 1921 by Rabindranath Tagore?
Ans: Rabindranath Tagore invited her to teach in Shantiniketan.
3. How did the Government of India honour Stella Kramrisch?
Ans: Government of India conferred her with Padma Bhusan.
4. Name the books written by Stella Kramrisch.
Ans: Exploring India’s Sacred Art, the Hindu Temple, Unknown India, Ritual Art in the Tribe and Village etc.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 3.2
1. Which art and culture Dr. Verrier Elwin is considered an expert?
Ans: A specialist in Indian tribes and culture.
2. Which tribal art and culture are the subjects of his research in middle India?
Ans: A specialist in Indian tribes and culture.
3. Which book won him Sahitya Academy Award?
Ans: He was awarded the Sahitya Academy award for his book ‘The Tribal World of Verrier Elwin.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 3.3
Tick the right answer:
1. Write the birthplace of Kamala Devi Chattopadhyay?
(i) Mangalure. (Karnataka).
(ii) Udaipur.
(iii) Purulia (West Bengal).
(iv) Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh).
Ans: He was awarded the Sahitya Academy award for his book The Tribal World of Verrier Elwin.
2. Name the title of the books written by Kamala Devi.
(i) Craft of India.
(ii) Indian Art.
(iii) Indian Music.
(iv) Drawing and Painting.
Ans: (i) Craft of India.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 3.4
1. What efforts did Shrimati Pupul Jayakar make to popularise Indian traditional art abroad?
Ans: She organised Indian Festivals in France, America and Japan in 1980.
2. Name the birth place of Shrimati Pupul Jayakar.
Ans: She was born at Etawah, UP.
3. Name those museums, which were founded due to the Jayakars initiative?
Ans: She played a significant role in founding the National Museum of Arts and Crafts.
4. Name the books authored by Shrimati Pupul Jayakar?
Ans: Her book are ‘The Earthen Drums and Textiles and Embroidery of India.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 3.5
1. Where did Seeta Devi born?
Ans: Seeta Devi was born at Madhubani district of Bihar in 1914.
2. What is the folk style of Seeta Devi?
Ans: She painted in Madhubani folk style.
3. Name the most important awards Seeta Devi’s got for her work?
Ans: She was awarded with National Award, Bihar Ratna and Padma Shri.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 3.6
1. For which style Guruppa Chetty is famous?
Ans: Guruppa Chetty was a famous Kalamkari painter.
2. Write the place of birth and date of Guruppa Chetty.
Ans: He was born in Sri Kalahasti of Andhra Pradesh.
3. How did the Government of India honour him for his contribution to Kalamkari painting?
Ans: National Award, Shilp Guru Award and Padma Shri were awarded to him.
4. Name the books written by him.
Ans: He wrote Bhagavat Manimala, Brath Pani Kalamkari and Bharat Ratnamala in Telugu.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 3.7
Tick the right answer:
1. What is the tribal form of Art of Jivya Soma Mase?
(i) Kalamkari.
(ii) Madhubani.
(iii) Warli Painting.
(iv) Abstract.
Ans: (iii) Warli painter.
2. Name the state and year of his birth.
(i) Maharashtra, 1934.
(ii) Punjab, 1950.
(iii) Odisha, 1940.
(iv) Bihar, 1955.
Ans: (i) Maharashtra.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 3.8
1. In which style of tribal art thus Jangarh specialised?
Ans: He was a painter in the Gond tribal style.
2. In which year Jangarh was born?
Ans: He was a painter, sculptor, singer and flute player.
3. Who recognised the talent of Jangarh and inspired him to paint?
Ans: He was discovered by Jagdish Swaminathan, who inspired him to continue painting.
4. Name the style of Jangarh, as given by some authors.
Ans: Some authors prefer to call contemporary the Gond painting Jangarh Kalam.
| TERMINAL EXERCISE |
1. Make a list of those selectors who contribute to the development of folk and tribe art.
Ans: (i) Verrier Elwin.
(ii) Stella Kramrisch.
(iii) Kamala Devi Chattopadhyaya.
(iv) Pupul Jayakar.
(v) Haku Shah, Rajiv Sethi and.
(vi) Jagdish Swaminathan.
should be credited for introducing Indian folk and tribal art and culture to the world during the beginning of 20th Century CE.
2. Name the books written by Dr Verrier Elwin.
Ans: His other books are ‘Songs of the Forest’, ‘The Agaria’, ‘The Aboriginals’ ‘Folk Songs of Mekol Hill’, Folk songs of Chattisgarh, ‘The Muria and their Ghotul’, ‘The tribal Art of middle India’, ‘Tribal Myths of Odisha’, ‘The Art of Northeast Frontier of India’, ‘The Tribal World of Verrier Elwin’, ‘Folk Paintings of India’, ‘The Baiga’ etc. Many more books are written by him on Indian Tribal and rural culture.
3. Write about the exhibition of 1968, organised by Stella Kramrisch.
Ans: The exhibition of 1968 curated by Kramrisch was a culmination of her lifelong dedication to Indian art and culture. It was meticulously curated to showcase a comprehensive array of artworks spanning various periods, styles, and regions of the Indian subcontinent. From ancient sculptures and manuscripts to vibrant paintings and textiles, the exhibition offered a panoramic view of India’s artistic legacy. In 1968, Stella Kramrisch, a pioneering figure in the world of art and curatorship, orchestrated an exhibition that left an indelible mark on the art world. This exhibition, held at a pivotal moment in history, not only showcased the richness of cultural heritage but also challenged the conventional understanding of art and its place in society.
4. What steps did Kamala Devi Chattopadhyay take to develop folk art?
Ans: Kamla Devi was awarded Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan and Magsaysay Award. Kamala Devi was not only a great scholar, social reformer and freedom activist, but her contribution to revive India’s folk art is also enormous. She took an active part in the movement to empower women in social and economic status.It was due to her initiatives that the National School of Drama, Sangeet Natak Akademy, Central Cottage Industries Emporium and Craft Council of India were founded. The real credit for reviving traditional Indian Art after 200 years of suppression by the British Raj goes to Kamala Devi.
5. What are the efforts taken by Pupul Jayakar to develop folk arts?
Ans: Shrimati Pupul Jayakar was born in a Gujarati Brahmin family. She dedicated her life to revive the traditional art and craft of India. Her efforts to introduce and give new life to tribal and folk art after independence will remain unforgettable. She organised folk and tribal art festivals of India in France, America and Japan in 1980.Shrimati Pupul Jayakar worked as an adviser of cultural activities in the Indian Government. She helped to uplift the quality and financial position of folk and tribal art for nearly 40 years. She played a crucial role in reviving Madhubani painting, National Museum of Arts and Crafts, Intact, Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts and National Fashion Industries. She authored books viz The Earthen Drums, The Earth Mother, Textiles and Embroideries of India.
6. Describe the painting of Seeta Devi.
Ans: “Sita Devi’s elegant elongated and richly coloured paintings of Krishna, Radha, and other gods and goddesses, are well known. However, she also painted extraordinary images of the World Trade Center, Arlington National Cemetery, and facades of 19th-century buildings in New York City”.
Most of her paintings have red or pink borders and look like door frames. The central figures are painted in the centre in an effortless manner. The background is decorated with foliage and figures of animals and birds. The figures are characterised by long eyes. Her painting became more illustrative in the later phase. The painting ‘Ardhanariswara’ in this text was painted in the later phase. There is an old tradition to worship Bhagavati Gauri as Shakti in Mithila. Shiva and Parvati are considered an ideal couple in this area. Seeta Devi was quite aware of this tradition and used her knowledge to paint this composition. Red, orange, yellow, light black and bright green are used. The lines are simple in black colour but full of expressions.
The borders are decorated with foliage.
7. Describe the successes of famous painter Jivya Soma Mase.
Ans: Jivya Soma Mase is the first Indian Warli painter to receive National Award in 1976, the Shilp Guru award in 2001, Prince Claus Award from Netherland andPadmashri in 2011. He is the first Indian tribal painter to exhibit his work in many established art galleries both in India and abroad, like Palais de Menton, France in 1976, Pompidour centre, Paris, Museum, Kunst Palast Dusseldorf, Germany, Italy in 2004 and America in 2006 etc. Jivya Soma Mase was mentioned as an artist who revived the creative language of art, which was on the verge of extinction. He created a kind of art that balanced nature and culture in the Warli tribe’s life philosophy and successfully gave it a contemporary form. He contributed to the development of the art and culture of tribal people in this way.
8. To which tribal art style does Jangarh Singh Shyam belong? Through light on his multifaceted art talent.
Ans: Gond Tribal art jangarh singh shyam belong.
Jangarh Singh Shyam was born in Patnagarh village of Mandala district in Madhya Pradesh in 1960 with a talent for painting. He showed his talent in other creative fields such as sculpture, mural painting, flute playing and printmaking in the technique of screen print lithography. He was also well versed in storytelling art, for which the sub caste Pardhan of the Gond tribe is famous. He was born in this sub-caste. Famous painter Jagdish Swaminathan could recognise his talent and inspired him to carry on painting. Jangarh was successful in evolving a new form of Gond painting with the help of his aesthetic sense. Some scholars gave his style a new name, ‘Jangarh Kalam’.
of decorating their home with clay and murals. Jangarh was the first such artist who depicted these forms of God and Goddess in painting with the help of his creative imagination. His fellow tribes could enjoy for the first time the unseen images of their deities in his paintings. He developed his visual language in art. However, his paintings are simple but very attractive due to the use of bright colours. The figures are painted with flat colours and then composed of dots of varied colours. The themes of Jangarh’s painting are mainly related to birds, animals and tribal Gods and Goddesses. These paintings are made sporadically. Madhya Pradesh Government awarded ‘Shikhar/Samman’ to Jangarh in 1985 for developing Gond tribal art. He painted a huge mural on the wall of the assembly building of Madhya Pradesh. His paintings were exhibited in America, England, France, Germany and Japan. The painting in the text by Jangarh is of an antler. There is no attempt to make it realistic; instead, it is a product of imagination.
9. Name the books written by Guruppa Chetty.
Ans: He is the author of three books in Telugu, Bharat Ratna Mala, Bhagavatha Mani Mala and Vraatha Pani (Kalamkari), besides contributing to an English publication by Parampaarik Kaarigaar.
