NCERT Class 12 Home Science Chapter 12 Consumer Education and Protection Solutions, CBSE Class 12 Home Science Question Answer in English Medium to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapter NCERT Class 12 Home Science Chapter 12 Consumer Education and Protection Notes and select needs one.
NCERT Class 12 Home Science Chapter 12 Consumer Education and Protection
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Consumer Education and Protection
Chapter – 12
| PART – ⅠⅠ HUMAN ECOLOGY AND FAMILY SCIENCES |
| Unit – V Resource Management |
Review Questions:
1. Explain the following terms in 2–3 lines:
(a) Consumer.
Ans: A consumer is an individual who purchases goods or services for personal use and not for manufacturing or resale purposes. Consumers are key participants in the economy.
(b) Consumer rights.
Ans: Consumer rights. is the right of a consumer to have adequate information regarding the quality, quantity, potency, purity, price, and standard of the commodity they are using and that they are protected against any malpractices as a consumer.
(c) Consumer responsibilities.
Ans: Consumer responsibilities refer to the obligations of a consumer to make informed decisions, use products safely, report faulty goods or unfair practices, and respect the rights of other consumers.
(d) Consumer Protection Act.
Ans: The Consumer Protection Act is a legal framework enacted to safeguard consumers’ interests, ensure fair trade practices, and provide mechanisms for addressing grievances through consumer courts.
(e) Consumer problems.
Ans: Consumer problems refer to issues faced by consumers, such as defective products, false advertising, unfair pricing, lack of proper service, and misleading claims by sellers or manufacturers.
2. List the following:
(a) Any three consumer rights.
Ans: Three consumer rights are mentioned below:
(i) Right to Safety: This refers to the right to be protected against hazardous effect that may be caused to the health/life of a consumer. This right specifies that the consumer has the right to be protected against products, production processes and services which are hazardous to health or life.
(ii) Right to be Informed: This means the right to be informed about the quality, quantity, potency, purity, standard and price of goods and services, so as to protect the consumers against unfair trade practices.
(iii) Right to Choose: This implies that every buyer has the right to have access to products of varying quality and quantities, prices, size and design, at competitive prices, and to choose according to his needs and wants.
(b) Any three consumer responsibilities.
Ans: Three consumer responsibilities are mentioned below:
(i) Check Quality and Safety: Ensure the products or services meet safety standards and are of good quality before purchasing.
(ii) Avoid Wasteful Practices: Use products efficiently and responsibly to prevent wastage.
(iii) Raise Complaints: Report defects, unfair practices, or violations of consumer rights to relevant authorities or forums.
(c) Any five consumer problems.
Ans: Five consumer problems are mentioned below:
(i) Spurious/Duplicate/Imitation Products: Consumers are confused and cheated by spurious and substandard products, duplicates of well known brands, some having similar packaging, colour scheme and similar sounding brand names. Often such imitations are of poor quality and may be injurious and unsafe to use.
(ii) Sales Promotion Schemes to Entice the Consumer: Indian market is flooded with a plethora of products. Companies, national as well as multinational, are competing with one another to capture larger market share. To do so, they come out with several sales promotion schemes like exchange offers, bonus, lucky draws etc. Such means of sales promotion are not always genuine and deceive the consumer. Consumers tend to get swayed by these enticing sales promotion gimmicks and fall prey to them.
(iii) Consumer Problems with regards to services: Consumers face problems not only with regards to consumption of products of daily use but they also face grievances when they use a wide variety of services. This includes services provided by public utilities such as MCD, water, electricity, banks, Insurance and other financial institutions. There are poor after sales services provided to the consumers. The provider of the services do not deliver what they promise under the sales contract.
(iv) Incorrect Weights and Measures: The consumer sometimes ends up getting less quantity than what he pays for due to incorrect weights and measures. This is because either the weights and scales are altered by the retailers or correct measures are incorrectly used. Measures are often deceptive and exploit consumers of their money. Weights and measures without seal or verification stamp are not genuine.
(d) Any three standardisation marks.
Ans: Three standardisation marks are mentioned below:
(i) ISI Mark: This is the certification mark of Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), earlier called the Indian Standards Institution (ISI). Under this scheme, licences are issued to manufacturers whose goods meet the relevant standards. Indian standards cover food items such as vegetables, fruits and meat products, spices and condiments, processed foods, cereal and soya products, candies and beverages etc. Other products covered by with the BIS standards include electrical goods, soaps, detergents, paints, paper etc. Among the various items covered under the scheme, some are under mandatory certification.
(ii) AGMARK and fruit Product Order (FPO): These standards have been promulgated by the Government of India. These certificates specifically pertain to food products. A consumer should look for AGMARK seal before purchasing any agricultural product as it ensures product reliability. FPO lays down statuary minimum standards in respect of quality of various fruits and vegetable products, and processing facilities. FPO also lays limits on metallic contaminants and preservatives for different fruit products.
(iii) Wool-mark: Wool-mark is the standard mark of quality of the International Wool Secretariat for wool or woolen garments. It indicates that the wool is pure and the marked garment is not made of other fibers but only pure wool.
3. State true or false:
(a) ISI mark is given by BIS.
Ans: True.
(b) Agmark is meant for agricultural products.
Ans: True.
(c) Right to safety is not a consumer right.
Ans: False.
(d) VOICE is the name of a consumer organisation.
Ans: True.
4. Discuss in brief the basics concepts of consumer education and protection.
Ans: The basics concepts of consumer education and protection are Manufacturers can no longer take consumers/customers for granted. With increasing numbers of consumers and volume of consumption of goods and services, manufacturers/ suppliers/service providers have begun to realise that it is important to respect and satisfy the ‘consumer’, since the reputation of the company and its profits are determined by consumer opinion. India has been transforming from an underdeveloped to a developing economy. Much of this can be attributed to industrialisation and globalisation. These economic changes have improved the standard of living along with increased buying power. We are living in a ‘global village’ and facing the challenges of global markets. The march towards ‘global economy’ necessitates a global outlook on the part of consumers who cannot sit back and watch. They have to emerge as a progressive force to ensure their welfare. They have to understand the economic system and inter relationships of individuals with each other, with business and with government. It is necessary for today’s consumer to be careful, alert and be well informed. Consumer education and protection have thus become important.
Further, the Indian government has become liberal and opened the doors to foreign companies. Thus we can see a variety of products, made by multinationals that have established their manufacturing/assembly units in India or imported items, on the shelves of many stores. For better products with competitive pricing.
