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SEBA Class 8 Science Chapter 18 Stars And The Solar System
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Stars And The Solar System
Chapter: 18
PART – II
EXERCISE
Choose the correct answer in Questions 1-3.
1. Which of the following is NOT a member of the solar system?
(a) An asteroid.
(b) A satellite.
(c) A constellation.
(d) A comet.
Ans: (c) A constellation.
2. Which of the following is NOT a planet of the sun?
(a) Sirius.
(b) Mercury.
(c) Saturn.
(d) Earth.
Ans: (a) Sirius.
3. Phases of the moon occur because:
(a) We can see only that part of the moon which reflects light towards us.
(b) Our distance from the moon keeps changing.
(c) The shadow of the Earth covers only a part of the moon’s surface.
(d) The thickness of the moon’s atmosphere is not constant.
Ans: (a) We can see only that part of the moon which reflects light towards us.
4. Fill in the blanks.
(a) The planet which is farthest from the Sun is ________.
Ans: Neptune.
(b) The planet which appears reddish in colour is ___________ .
Ans: Mars.
(c) A group of stars that appear to form a pattern in the sky is known as a __________ .
(d) A celestial body that revolves around a planet is known an ___________.
Ans: A constellation.
(e) Shooting stars are actually not __________.
Ans: Stars.
(f) Asteroids are found between the orbits of __________ and ___________.
Ans: Mars and Jupiter.
5. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F).
(a) Pole star is a member of the solar system.
Ans: False.
(b) Mercury is the smallest planet of the solar system.
Ans: True.
(c) Uranus is the farthest planet in the solar system.
Ans: False.
(d) INSAT is an artificial satellite.
Ans: True.
(e) There are nine planets in the solar system.
Ans: False.
(f) Constellation Orion can be seen only with a telescope.
Ans: False.
6. Match Items in column A with one or more items in column B:
| Column A | Column B |
| (i) Inner planets | (a) Saturn |
| (ii) Outer planets | (b) Pole star |
| (iii) Constellation | (c) Great Bear |
| (iv) Satellite of the Earth | (d) Moon |
| (e) Earth | |
| (f) Orion | |
| (g) Mars |
Ans:
| Column A | Column B |
| (i) Inner planets | (e) Earth,(g) Mars |
| (ii) Outer planets | (a) Saturn |
| (iii) Constellation | (c) Great Bear,(f) Orion |
| (iv) Satellite of the Earth | (d) Moon,(b) Pole star |
7. In which part of the sky can you find Venus if it is visible as an evening star?
Ans: Venus, as an evening star, is visible in the western part of the sky just after sunset.
8. Name the largest planet of the solar system.
Ans: The largest planet of the solar system is Jupiter.
9. What is a constellation? Name any two constellations.
Ans: A constellation is a group of stars that form a recognizable pattern in the night sky.
Two examples of constellations are: Orion and Ursa Major.
10. Draw sketches to show the relative positions of prominent stars in:
(a) Ursa Major. (b) Orion.
Ans:
11. Name two objects other than planets which are members of the solar system.
Ans: The two objects other than planets which are members of the solar system are:
(i) Asteroids.
(ii) Comets.
12. Explain how you can locate the Pole Star with the help of Ursa Major.
Ans: To locate the Pole Star, first identify the Ursa Major constellation. Find the two stars at the end of the ‘bowl’ of the Big Dipper (part of Ursa Major). Draw an imaginary straight line from these two stars. Extend this line about five times the distance between them. The bright star you reach is the Pole Star (Polaris).
13. Do all the stars in the sky move? Explain.
Ans: No, stars do not actually move across the sky. They appear to move from east to west due to the rotation of the Earth on its axis. However, the stars themselves are mostly fixed in position relative to each other in the sky.
14. Why is the distance between stars expressed in light years? What do you understand by the statement that a star is eight light years away from the Earth?
Ans: The distance between stars is extremely large, so it is convenient to express it in light years.
A light year is the distance that light travels in one year, about 9.46 trillion kilometres.
If a star is eight light years away, it means that light from that star takes eight years to reach the Earth.
15. The radius of Jupiter is 11 times the radius of the Earth. Calculate the ratio of the volumes of Jupiter and the Earth. How many Earths can Jupiter accommodate?
Ans: Volume of a sphere = 4/3 πr3
Let Earth’s radius = r
Then Jupiter’s radius = 11r
So,
16. Boojho made the following sketch (Fig. 18.29) of the solar system. Is the sketch correct? If not, correct it.
Ans:
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