NIOS Class 12 Environmental Science Chapter 19 Concept of Sustainable Development Solutions to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters NIOS Class 12 Environmental Science Chapter 19 Concept of Sustainable Development Notes and select need one. NIOS Class 12 Environmental Science Chapter 19 Concept of Sustainable Development Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Study Material of Class 12 Environmental Science Paper Code 333.
NIOS Class 12 Environmental Science Chapter 19 Concept of Sustainable Development
Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 12 Environmental Science Chapter 19 Concept of Sustainable Development Solutions, NIOS Senior Secondary Course Environmental Science Solutions for All Chapter, You can practice these here.
Concept of Sustainable Development
Chapter: 19
Module 6: Sustainable Development
Textual Question Answer
INTEXT QUESTIONS 19.1
1. Define sustainable development.
Ans: Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their own needs.
2. What are the two important factors or points that sustainable development should consider?
Ans: The two factors are :
(i) The natural resources are important for our present day survival as far as the survival of future generations;
(iii) Any present developmental programme must take into account its future consequences.
3. What did Mahatma Gandhi say about ‘enoughness’?
Ans: The earth provides enough for every person’s need but not for every person’s greed.
4. What do you understand about the ‘carrying capacity’ of the environment?
Ans: Environment has a capacity to bear the pressure of continual use, that is the maximum amount of natural resource drawn from it and the maximum amount of pollution discharged into it.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 19.2
1. Name one major cause of environmental degradation and name six such common resources.
Ans: Over use or over exploitation of common property or free access of resources like air, water, land, forest, rivers, mountains.
2. What is the most dangerous result of population explosion?
Ans: Poverty is the most dangerous result of population explosion.
3. Name an important common property of your locality, state or city which has been completely damaged leading to water crisis to its people.
Ans: River Yamuna has been exploited in such a way that it has ceased to exist. It has turned into a dirty drain.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 19.3
1. How does biodiversity represent potential source of health?
Ans: Wealth in the form of (a) new crops (b) medicinal plants (c) petroleum substitute or any other (any two)
2. “Biodiversity loss is world’s most disturbing concern”. Because we do not know what we are losing” briefly explain the statement.
Ans: Maybe we are losing useful plants, animals or other organisms, which would have provided us medicine against HIV and cancer etc.
3. What are the main causes of biodiversity destruction? Mention any two.
Ans: Main causes of degradation are- increasing human resource consumption and pollution.
| TERMINAL EXERCISE |
1. Define and explain carrying capacity of environment.
Ans: Carrying capacity is the maximum pressure or load that a system can withstand or take up before breaking down. The maximum use of human activities that the environment can tolerate is carrying capacity. Without suffering any loss, the pressure an environment can bear. Due to the increased use of resources, it will deplete soon and will not be available for the future generation.
2. “Economic and industrial development without damage and destruction of the environment.” What do you call this type of development?
Ans: Economic and industrial development without damage and destruction of the environment is known as sustainable development.
Sustainable development states that resources should be used wisely such as it meets the present requírement without compromising the need for the future generation.
Two points have been stated: In sustainable development, the first resource should be used wisely, and the second various programs and laws should be framed to state its use.
3. What did Mahatma Gandhi say about the use of earth’s resources by its people?
Ans: The principle of ‘enoughness’ is given by Mahatma Gandhi, which states that our mother earth provides enough resources for every person to meet its need but not for its greed. Human beings want to access and use all the resources, goods, and services, no matter in return, what human beings are going to pay for this activity. One should check their greed at some stage in life and promote “community greed of providing a beautiful life for our posterity”.
4. Increase in human population is causing decline in natural resources on a global scale. Mention any three causes.
Ans: (i) Overuse and exploitation of natural resources due to rising population.
(ii) Conversion of forests, wetlands, and grasslands into cropland and urban areas.
(iii) Depletion and pollution of natural water bodies and other ecosystems.
5. What is the difference between common and private properties? Give two examples for each.
Ans: Common property: Resources freely available to all and prone to overuse and exploitation.
Examples: air, water, forests, grazing land.
Private property: Resources owned and managed by individuals or organizations, protected from free access.
Examples: house, agricultural land, office, garden.
6. Define a resource. Name one perpetual resource, a renewable resource and one nonrenewable resource.
Ans: Resource is anything useful or can be made useful to humans to meet their needs and wants.
Resources are broadly classified into perpetual such as sunlight, renewables such as freshwater and non-renewable such as fossil fuel.
7. What is ecological foot-print?
Ans: Ecological foot-print is a measure of area of earth required per person (to produce resources) and waste production.
8. Name three major environmental damages that have already occurred in our country.
Ans: (i) Large-scale deforestation leading to barren slopes.
(ii) Severe pollution and degradation of rivers.
(iii) Air, water, and soil pollution causing serious health problems.
9. Suggest any three methods to record damaged environment.
Ans: (i) Use of environmental indicators such as air and water quality, forest cover, and biodiversity counts.
(ii) Application of modern tools like GIS and remote sensing to monitor deforestation, land degradation, and pollution.
(iii) Maintaining environmental records at local, national, and global levels for planning and corrective measures.
10. Suggest any five methods to conserve water.
Ans: (i) Leaking taps and pipes should be repaired soon.
(ii) Water bodies like rivers, lakes should not be polluted.
(iii) Washing of cars should not be done every day.
(iv) Rainwater should be harvested.
(v) Yamuna Bachao Andolan, a river cleaning program should be joined. Only a needed amount of water should be used.
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