NCERT Class 11 Home Science Chapter 11 Care and Maintenance of Fabrics Solutions, CBSE Class 11 Home Science Question Answer in English Medium to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapter NCERT Class 11 Home Science Chapter 11 Care and Maintenance of Fabrics Notes and select needs one.
NCERT Class 11 Home Science Chapter 11 Care and Maintenance of Fabrics
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Care and Maintenance of Fabrics
Chapter – 11
| PART – ⅠⅠ HUMAN ECOLOGY AND FAMILY SCIENCES |
| Unit – IV Adulthood |
| Review Questions: |
1. What are the different aspects of care and maintenance of fabrics?
Ans: The care and maintenance of fabrics typically involve two main aspects:
(i) Cleaning: Cleaning refers to the process of removing dirt, stains, and odors from fabrics to keep them looking fresh and in good condition. This aspect includes various methods such as washing, dry cleaning, spot cleaning, and regular maintenance to prevent the buildup of dirt and grime. The appropriate cleaning method depends on the type of fabric, its care instructions, and the nature of the stains or dirt.
(ii) Preservation: Preservation involves taking measures to protect and extend the lifespan of fabrics. This aspect includes actions like proper storage, handling, and using protective measures like garment bags, hangers, or fabric protectants to prevent damage from environmental factors, such as sunlight, moisture, pests, or excessive wear and tear.
Both cleaning and preservation are essential to ensure that fabrics, whether clothing, upholstery, or other textiles, remain in good condition and last longer. It’s important to follow the care instructions provided by the manufacturer to maintain the fabric’s quality and appearance.
2. Define the term ‘stain’. What are the different types of stains and what techniques can be used for removing them?
Ans: A stain is a discoloration that can be clearly distinguished from the surface, material, or medium it is found upon.
The different types of stains are mentioned below:
(i) Vegetable stains: tea, coffee, fruits, and vegetables. These stairs acidic by nature and can be removed by alkaline medium.
(ii) Animal stains: blood, milk, meat, eggs, etc. These are protein in nature and removed by detergents in cold water only.
(iii) Oil stains: oils, ghee, butter, etc. These are removed by the use of grease solvents and absorbents.
(iv) Mineral stains: ink, rust, coal tar, medicine, etc. These stains shou be washed first in acidic medium and then in alkaline medium.
3. Write the steps in removing unknown stains from fabrics.
Ans: The in removing unknown stains from fabrics are Mentioned below:
Identify the Stain Type: If possible, identify whether the stain is vegetable, animal, oil, mineral, or dye-related.
Pre-Treat the Stain: Apply an appropriate stain remover or detergent to the affected area. For vegetable stains, use an alkaline medium; for protein stains (like blood), use cold water with detergent; for oil stains, use grease solvents; for mineral stains, use an acidic medium. Pretreat with a stain remover or liquid laundry detergent and let sit for several minutes. Rinse well. Wash as recommended according to the garment label. Don’t put in the dryer until the stain is gone.
4. What is dirt? How do water, soaps and detergents combine to remove dirt from fabrics?
Ans: Dirt is any matter considered unclean, especially when in contact with a person’s clothes, skin, or possessions. In such cases, they are said to become dirty.
Common types of dirt include: Debris: scattered pieces of waste or remains. Dust: a general powder of organic or mineral matter.
5. How does finishing after washing improve the brightness and textural characteristics of fabrics?
Ans: Finishing after washing enhances the brightness and textural characteristics of fabrics by refining their appearance and feel through a combination of mechanical and chemical treatments. Washing removes surface impurities and residual chemicals, but finishing goes a step further by smoothing the fabric’s surface, which improves light reflection and creates a uniform texture. Processes like calendaring, glazing, and polishing align fibers, giving fabrics a brighter, more polished look. Softening agents are often applied to improve the fabric’s tactile qualities, making it softer and more pleasant to touch. Additionally, optical brightening agents (OBAs) may be used to counteract yellowing and enhance whiteness, while treatments like raising add a plush, textured feel to certain fabrics. These finishing techniques also help fix colors, reduce creases, and improve dimensional stability, ensuring the fabric retains its aesthetic appeal and quality over time.
6. What is dry-cleaning? What are the types of fabrics where dry-cleaning is Recommended?
Ans: Dry-cleaning can be defined as the cleaning of fabrics in a non-aqueous liquid medium. The important difference between dry and wet solvents is that while water is absorbed by the fibres, which causes shrinkage, wrinkle formation and colour bleeding; the dry solvents do not cause fibre swelling. Hence dry-cleaning is a safe method for cleaning delicate textiles. For dry-cleaning, the most common solvents used are perchloro-ethylene, a petroleum solvent, or a fluorocarbon solvent.
The types of fabrics where dry-cleaning is Recommended are:
(i) Silk: Silk is a delicate fabric that can shrink or lose its shape when exposed to water.
(ii) Wool: Wool is another delicate fabric that can shrink or felt when exposed to water.
(iii) Velvet: Velvet is a luxurious fabric with a soft, plush pile. The pile can be flattened or crushed by water.
(iv) Lace: Lace is a delicate fabric with intricate patterns. Water can damage the delicate threads and distort the patterns.
(v) Leather: Leather is a durable fabric, but it can become stiff or cracked if it is exposed to water.
