NCERT Class 11 Geography Chapter 25 Map Scale

NCERT Class 11 Geography Chapter 25 Map Scale Solutions to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters NCERT Class 11 Geography and select need one. NCERT Class 11 Geography Question Answers Download PDF. NCERT Geography Class 11 Solutions.

NCERT Class 11 Geography Chapter 25 Map Scale

Also, you can read the NCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) Book guidelines. CBSE Class 11 Geography Solutions are part of All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NCERT Class 11 Geography Part I: Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Part II: Indian: Physical Environment, Part III: Practical Work in Geography. NCERT Class 11 Geography Notes, NCERT Class 11 Geography Textbook Solutions for All Chapters, You can practice these here.

Map Scale

Chapter: 25

GEOGRAPY [ PART – III ]

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Q.1. What is scale?

Ans. A scale is the ratio between distance of any two points on the map and the actual distance of the same points on the ground.

Q.2. What is the importance of scale?

Ans. Scale enables us to prepare accurate maps and it helps in measuring distances.

Q.3. Name three methods of representing scale.

Ans. 1. Statement of scale.

2. Representative Fraction (R.F.).

3. Linear scale.

Q.4. In which unit is R. F. shown?

Ans. R. F. is just a ratio of map distances and ground distances and has no unit of its own.

Q.5. What is a map?

Ans. Map is a representation of the earth’s surface or a part of it on a flat surface according to a scale.

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Q.1. What are the two different systems of measurement? 

Ans. 1. Metric system of measurement.

2. English system of measurement.

Q.2. Give one example each of statement of scale in Metric and English system.

Ans. Metric system used kilometres, metre, centimetres, etc.

English system use inch, yard, and mile in measurement.

Q.3. What is statement of scale? Give its advantages and disadvantages?

Ans. Statement of Scale: In this method, we express the scale in words, or we make a statement about it; such as one centimetre to one kilometre, or one inch to one metre etc. This indicates that one centimetre on the map represents one kilometre on the ground or one inch on the map represents one mile on the ground.

Advantages:

(i) This is very simple method which is understood even by a common man.

(ii) It requires little time to express this scale.

(iii) It gives correct idea about distance.

Disadvantages:

(i) It can be understood only by those who are familiar with the unit of measurement used. For example, if we say that the scale of a map is 1 cm: 1 km, it would be understood by only that person who is familiar with the metric system of measurement.

(ii) When a map is reduced or enlarged from the original, the scale does not remain the same. This creates problems in measurement.

Q.4. Convert the given Statement of Scale into Representative Fraction (R.F.):

(i) 5 cm represent 10 km.

Ans. 5 cm represents

= 10 km or 1000000 cm

1 cm represents = 1000000 ÷ 5

= 2000000

R.F. :1 : 2000000

(ii) 2 inches represents 4 miles.

Ans. 2″ represents = 4 miles × 63360

2″ represents = 254440″

1″ represents = 254440 ÷ 127220

R.F. : 1 : 127220

(iii) 1 inches represents 1 yard.

Ans. 1″ represents = 1 yard or 36″

1″ represents = 36″

R.F. : 1 : 36

(iv) 1 cm represents 100 metres.

Ans. 1 cm represents = 100 metres

1 cm represents = 100 metres or 10000 cm

R.F. : 1 : 10000

Q.5. Explain the importance of scale.

Ans. 1. With the help of the scale, we can represent large areas in a reduced shape and size.

2. Without a scale, a map is simply a diagram or sketch. A map is meaningless without a scale.

3. We can measure the distance between two points on the map without actually going to the field.

4. With the help of a scale, the area can be calculated.

5. A certain length can be measured from the linear scale.

Q.6. Why is the Representative Fraction method called a universal method?

Ans. Representative Fraction (R.F.) method called a universal method because of its usefulness on global scale. It can be used in all countries and also termed as International Scale.

Q.7. What are the major advantages of graphical method?

Ans. The graphical scale stands valid even when the map is reduced or enlarged.

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Q.1. What is Representative Fraction? Give its advantages and disadvantages.

Ans. Representative Fraction is also known as Numerical Function. In this case, the ratio existing between the length on the map and actual length on the ground is indicated by a fraction whose numerator is always 1. This fraction is usually abbreviated as R. F. Thus,

Representative Fraction (R.F.)

= Map distance/Ground distance

The most important point to be noted in this connection is that the unit of measurement of distances in numerator and denominator is the same. For example, if we say the R.F. of a map is 1/1,00,000 or 1: 1,00,000, it means that one unit on the map represents 1,00,000 units on the ground. If the unit of measurement is centimetre, we will say that 1 centimetre on the map represents 1,00,000 centimetres on the ground. If, however, the unit of measurement is inch, then we will say that 1 inch on the map represents 1,00,000 inches on the ground.

Advantages: Since it is only a fraction and is indented of any particular unit of a measurement, it can be used in all the countries. If the R.F. of a map is 1: 1,00,000 to a Britisher, it would mean that 1″ on the map represents 1,00,000 inches on the ground. Similarly, to a Frenchman, it would mean that 1 cm on the map represents 1,00,000 inches on the ground and to a Russian, 1 verst on the map represents 1,00,000 versts on the ground. It is also termed as International Scale or Natural Scale. It has become a very popular method of expressing the scale.

Disadvantages: (i) It is only a fraction in which no system of units is used. Hence, distances cannot be directly measured from it.

(ii) Whenever a map is photographically enlarged or reduced, the R.F. will no longer be true.

(iii) This is not easily understood by a common man.

Q.2. What is Linear Scale? Give its advantages and disadvantages.

Ans. Linear Scale: This is also known as Graphical Scale or Plain Scale. This is merely a straight line whose length is in certain proportion to the actual length on the ground. It is divided into primary and secondary division so that advantages and disadvantages can easily be read from it.

Advantages:

(i) Distances can easily be measured with the help of linear scale.

(ii) If the map is photographically enlarged or reduced, the linear scale is also enlarged or reduced in the same ratio and remains true to the map.

Disadvantages:

(i) Like statement of scale, this scale can be used by those who are familiar with the unit of measurement used in the scale.

(ii) It requires time and proficiency in drawing a graphic scale.

Q.3. The R.F. of a map is 1 : 5,00,000. Convert it into statement of scale showing kilometres.

Sol. The given R.F. is 1: 5,00,000 cm

This means that 1 cm of map represents 5,00,000 cm on the ground.

Hence 1 cm: 5,00,000 cm

or 1 cm = 5,00,000/1,00,000 km

Or 1 cm = 5 km.

Therefore statement of scale is 1 cm: 5 km.

Q.4. : The R.F. of a map is 1:3,16,800. Convert it into statement of scale for showing miles.

Ans. The given R.F. is 1:3,16,800. This means that one inch on the map represents 3,16,800 inches on the ground.

or 1 inch : 3,16, 800 inches

or 1 inch = 3,16,800/63,360

or 1 inch : 5 miles

Hence, statement of scale = 1 inch : 5 miles

Q.5. Draw a plain scale for a map whose scale is 1 cm: 10 km.

Ans. 1 cm on the map represents 10 km on the ground.

15 cm on the map represents on the ground = 10 × 15 = 150 km.

(The normal length of scale should be 15 cm)

150 km is a round number. Therefore we not select any other number.

Scale 1 cm: 10 km.

Construction. Draw a line 15 cm long. Divide it into 15 primary divisions. Each division represents 10 km. Sub-divide the left hand divisions into five secondary divisions, each showing a distance of 2 kms.

Q.6. Draw a plain scale for a map whose scale is 1 inch : 7 miles.

Ans. 1 inch represents a distance = 7 miles

6 inch represents a distance = 7 × 6 = 42 miles

But 42 miles is not a round number. Select a round number of 45 miles. Find out the map distance for a distance of 45 miles.

7 miles are represented by = 1 inch

1 mile is represents by = 1/7 inch

45 miles are represented by = 1/7 × 45

= 6.4 inch approximately.

Scale 1 inch : 7 Miles

Construction. Draw a line 6.4 inches long. Divide it into nine equal parts. Each part showing 5 miles. Sub-divide the left hand part into 5 divisions, each will show a distance of 1 mile.

Q.7. Calculate the R.F. when the scale is one centimetre to one kilometre or 1 cm=1 km.

Ans. The scale of the map is 1 cm = 1 km. or 1 cm 100,000 cm since 1 km = 1,00.000 cm.

R.F.  = Distance on the map/Distance on the ground

= 1/100,000 or 1:100,000

Q.8. Draw a plain scale to show yards for a map whose scale is 4 inches : 1 mile.

Ans. Scale 4 inches: 1 mile

4 inches on the map represent = 1 mile 

= 1760 yards

1 inch on the map represents = 1760/₄ yards

6 inches on the map represent 

= 1760/₄ × 6 = 2640 yards

But 2640 yards is not a around number. Select a round of 3000 yards.

1760 yards are represents by = 4 inches

3000 yards are represented by

= ⁴/₁₇₆₀ × 3000 inches

= ¹/₄₄₀× 3000 inches

= ⁷⁵/₁₁ inches = 6.8 inches

Construction: Draw a line 6.8 inches long. Divide it into 6 equal parts each showing 500 yards. Sub-divide the left hand part into 5 equal divisions. Each will show 100 yards.

Q.9. Convert the given Representative Fraction (R.F.) into Statement of Scale in the system of measurement shown in parentheses.

(i) 1:100000 (into km).

Ans. 1 cm shows 100000 cm or 1 km.

(ii) 1:31680 (into furlongs).

Ans. 1″ shows 31680″ or 2640′ or 880 yards or 4 furlongs

1″ shows 4 furlongs.

(iii) 1: 126,720 (into miles)

Ans. 1″ show 126720″ or 2 miles

1″ represents 2 miles.

(iv) 1:50,000 (into metres)

Ans. 1 cm represents = 50000 cm or 500 metres.

Q.10. Constructed a graphical scale when the given R.F. is 1 : 50000 and read the distance into km and metres.

Ans.