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NCERT Class 11 Economics Chapter 2 Collection of Data
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Collection of Data
Chapter: 2
PART – (A) STATISTICS FOR ECONOMICS
TEXTUAL QUESTION ANSWERS
1. Frame at least four appropriate multiple-choice options for following questions:
(a) Which of the following is the most important when you buy a new dress?
Ans: (i) Quality.
(ii) Price.
(iii) Colour.
(iv) Brand.
(b) How often do you use computers?
Ans: (i) Sometimes.
(ii) Occasionally.
(iii) Never.
(iv) Always.
(c) Which of the newspapers do you read regularly?
Ans: (i) The Times of India.
(ii) Hindustan Times.
(iii) The Economic Times.
(iv) The Financial Express.
(d) Rise in the price of petrol is justified.
Ans: (i) Agree.
(ii) Not agree.
(iii) Strongly agree.
(iv) None of these.
(e) What is the monthly income of your family?
Ans: (i) ₹25,000
(ii) ₹30,000
(iii) ₹ 35,000
(iv) ₹ 40,000
2. Frame five two-way questions (with ‘Yes’ or ‘No’).
Ans: (a) Are you an Indian? (Yes/No)
(b) Do you live in New Delhi? (Yes/No)
(c) Are you a postgraduate? (Yes/No)
(d) Do you know painting? (Yes/No)
(e) Have you ever been convicted by a court of law? (Yes/No)
3. State whether the following statements are True or False.
(a) There are many sources of data.
Ans: False.
(b) Telephone survey is the most suitable method of collecting data, when the population is literate and spread over a large area.
Ans: True.
(c) Data collected by investigators is called the secondary data.
Ans: False.
(d) There is a certain bias involved in the non-random selection of samples.
Ans: True.
(e) Non-sampling errors can be minimised by taking large samples.
Ans: False.
4. What do you think about the following questions? Do you find any problem with these questions? Describe.
(a) How far do you live from the closest market?
Ans: I live two kilometres away from the nearest market.
(b) If plastic bags are only 5 percent of our garbage, should it be banned?
Ans: Yes, they should be banned because they are not degradable.
(c) Wouldn’t you be opposed to an increase in the price of petrol?
Ans: Yes, I will oppose the increase in the price of petrol.
(d) Do you agree with the use of chemical fertilisers?
Ans: No, I disagree with the given fact.
(e) Do you use fertilisers in your fields?
Ans: No, I do not.
(f) What is the yield per hectare in your field?
Ans: 50 quintals per hectare.
5. You want to do research on the popularity of Vegetable Atta Noodles among children. Design a suitable questionnaire for collecting this information.
Ans: Questionnaire
Name: Anaya
Age: 6
Address: Sri nagar
(i) Gender:
(a) Male.
(b) Female.
Ans: (b) Female.
(ii) Do you eat noodles?
(a) Yes.
(b) No.
Ans: (b) Yes.
(iii) Do you like noodles more than other snacks?
(a) Yes.
(b) No.
Ans: (b) No.
(iv) How many packets do you consume in a month?
(a) Less than 2 packets.
(b) 3-5 packets.
(c) 5-8 packets.
(d) More than 8 packets.
Ans: (c) 5-8 packets.
(v) Do you prefer atta noodles over maida noodles?
(a) Yes.
(b) No.
Ans: (b) No.
(vi) Do you like vegetables in your noodles?
(a) Yes.
(b) No.
Ans: (a) Yes.
(vii) Do you think more vegetables should be added in vegetable atta noodles?
(a) Yes.
(b) No.
Ans: (a) Yes.
(viii) Do you think it should be spicier?
(a) Yes.
(b) No.
Ans: (b) No.
(ix) When do you prefer to have vegetable atta noodles?
(a) In breakfast.
(b) In lunch.
(c) As evening snacks.
(d) In dinner.
Ans: (c) As evening snacks.
(x) Do your parents also like vegetable atta noodles?
(a) Yes.
(b) No.
Ans: (b) No.
6. In a village of 200 farms, a study was conducted to find the cropping pattern. Out of the 50 farms surveyed, 50% grew only wheat. What is the population and the sample size?
Ans: Population: 200 farms.
Sample: 50 farms.
7. Give two examples each of sample, population and variable.
Ans: (i) Sample: (a) To test the electric bulbs produced in a factory.
(b) To find out the average weight of the students of a class.
(ii) Population: (a) Population of income or prices.
(b) Population of heights and weights of all individuals.
(iii) Variable: (a) Height of the individuals.
(b) Prices of commodities.
8. Which of the following methods give better results and why?
(a) Census.
(b) Sample.
Ans: Census Method gives better results than the Sample Method due to the following reasons:
(i) It provides complete and accurate information.
(ii) It covers the entire population, leaving no scope for selection bias.
(iii) It is more reliable for policy decisions.
(iv) It ensures a higher degree of precision.
9. Which of the following errors is more serious and why?
(a) Sampling error.
(b) Non-sampling error.
Ans: Non-sampling errors are more serious than sampling errors because a sampling error can be minimised by taking a larger sample but it is difficult to minimise non-sampling error, even by taking a large sample.
10. Suppose there are 10 students in your class. You want to select three out of them. How many samples are possible?
Ans: 120 samples are possible.
11. Discuss how you would use the lottery method to select 3 students out of 10 in your class.
Ans: The names of all 10 students in the class are written on separate slips of equal size. These slips are folded identically and mixed thoroughly. Then, three slips are drawn one by one, ensuring that each student has an equal chance of being selected in the sample.
12. Does the lottery method always give you a random sample? Explain.
Ans: Yes, the lottery method always gives a random sample because every unit in the population is given an equal chance to get selected.
13. Explain the procedure for selecting a random sample of 3 students out of 10 in your class by using random number tables.
Ans: The procedure for selecting a random sample of 3 students out of 10 in a class is as follows:
(i) Assign a particular number between 1 to 10 to all the 10 students like 01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 10.
(ii) Select a number randomly. Let us assume that the number selected is 05.
(iii) Consult the Two-Digit Random Number Table, two numbers successive to the selected random number (i.e. 05) either horizontally or vertically are the remaining two students (i.e. 06 and 07).
14. Do samples provide better results than surveys? Give reasons for your answer.
Ans: Yes, sampling can provide better results than a complete census survey in certain situations because it is more efficient, economical, and less time-consuming. A well-chosen sample can yield accurate and reliable results, making it a practical alternative, especially for large populations.
