Class 12 Anthropology Chapter 6 Ethnographic profile of North – East India, HS 2nd year Anthropology notes, Anthropology Class 12 Question Answer to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters SCERT Class 12 Anthropology Chapter 6 Ethnographic profile of North – East India and select needs one.
Class 12 Anthropology Chapter 6 Ethnographic profile of North – East India
Also, you can read the SCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per SCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. AHSEC Class 12 Anthropology Chapter 6 Ethnographic profile of North – East India is part of AHSEC All Subject Solutions. Here we have given Assam Board Class 12 Anthropology Chapter 6 Ethnographic profile of North – East India Notes for All Subjects, You can practice these here.
Ethnographic profile of North – East India
Chapter – 6
| QUESTIONS |
A. Short Questions:
1. Name the term use by the Garos for bachelor dormitory.
Ans: The Nokpante is the term use by the Garos for bachelor dormitory.
2. Name one of the important agricultural festivals of the Garos.
Ans: Wangala is one of the important agricultural festivals of the Garos.
3. What is the primary source of livelihood of the Garos.
Ans: Agriculture is the primary source of livelihood of the Garos.
4. What is the primary source of livelihood of the Mishings?
Ans: Agriculture is the primary source of livelihood of the Mishings.
5. Ali-Ai-Ligang is celebrated by which community.
Ans: Ali-Ai-Ligang is celebrated by the Mishings community.
6. In which tribal group ‘Buliang’ is an important social institution.
Ans: Apatani tribal group ‘Buliang’ is an important social institution.
7. Name the bachelor dormitory of the Ao Naga.
Ans: The bachelor dormitory of the Ao Naga is called Morung.
8. Name the state Apatanis are live in.
Ans: Arunachal Pradesh is the state Apatanis live in.
9. Name one matrilocal community of North East India.
Ans: The Khasi is the matrilocal community of North East India.
B. Essay Type Questions
1. Write down the name of the four states of N.E. India with examples of one tribal community of each state.
Ans: The Name of the four state of NE India are:
(i) Arunachal Pradesh:
Tribal communities of Arunachal Pradesh are : Adi (Abor) , Aka (Hurso), Apatani etc.
(ii) Assam:
Tribal communities of Assam are : Bodo, Kachari , Karbi, Miri etc
(iii) Meghalaya:
Tribal communities of Meghalaya are : Garo, khasi- jaintia.
(iv) Mizoram:
Tribal communities of Mizoram are : Dulien , Poi, Jahao,Lahher etc.
2. Who are Mishings? Discuss the agricultural practices of the Mishings.
Ans: The Mishings are an Indo-Mongoloid tribe settled in the plains of the Assam. Originally they were hill dwellers and lived along with the Adis in Arunachal Pradesh. On the basis of the legends of the tribe and available historical records, they move to the plains of Assam.
Agriculture is the primary occupation of the Mishings. They also rear animals and poultry as a secondary source of income. Traditional Mishings were fond of hunting which is seldom practiced now. They also practiced fishing various fishing implements used by them are -Zurki, Chaloni Dirdang, Porang, Ei Jamborok and Dibung. The Mishing women are expert weavers. Traditionally they were very skilled in spinning and dyeing threads. The Mirzim is a unique cloth woven by the Mishings.
The Mishing People practiced plain or plough cultivation. Agricultural land is suitable for Ahu cultivation. The Mishing people relish Ahu rice and they cultivate this grain in their paddy fields. They also cultivate mustard seeds, black pulse and vegetables. There is a division of labour in agricultural activities. Women do the transplantation and weeding. Ploughing the soil and carrying the paddy bundles are usually done by the male folk. Threshing is generally done by the women by food and sometime by men with buffaloes. Now a days besides use of plough and bullock, other modern Implements are also used by them. They also use tractors and fertilizers for the purpose of agriculture.
3. Name three tribal communities of Nagaland.
Ans: Three tribal communities of Nagaland are : Rengma, Zeme, Lotha,Tangkhul etc.
4. Discuss role of ‘Morang’ in Ao-Naga Society.
Ans: Ao society there was the presence of the youth dormitory system. The male dormitory is known as Morung. The boys dormitory was very structured and functional in nature. In the dormitory the Ao male members used to stay and learn different arts and crafts. The morang acts as a powerful institution of socialization of Ao youths in the Ao society The morang was one of the main pillars of traditional society.
The morang is the Centre of the social life of all the unmarried male members. The morang is generally built on the edge of a slope to the highest altitude of the settlement area. It is a huge structure which is generally over 50 ft. long and 30 ft. high. It is constructed in the entrance of a village or at the spot where the village could be guarded most effectively. The morang or bachelor dormitory system used to be an essential part of Naga life. Men Apart from family it is the most important educational set up of the people. On attaining the age of puberty, young boys and tata girls were admitted to their respective dormitories. The Naga culture, customs and traditions which were transmitted from wi generation to generation through folk music and folk dance, folk tales and oral tradition, wood carving and weaving, these teaching learning process mostly takes place at the men’s and women’s dormitories. Announcement of meetings, death of a villager, warnings of impending dangers, etc. were made from the morang with the beating of log drums (tongten or chong kong).
5. Write about the age grade system of the Ao-Nagas.
Ans: The Ao-Nagas practiced a traditional age grade system through the institution of the morang, which is also known as Arichu in their language. The morang served as a bachelor dormitory and was a central social institution for all unmarried male members of the village. Boys were admitted to the morang upon attaining puberty, where they were trained in various aspects of tribal life such as customs, traditions, social practices, wood carving, folk music, folk dance, and other community skills.
The morang was not only a place of residence for young boys but also an educational and disciplinary center, where they learned under the guidance of elders. Each village had its own morang, typically built at a strategic location for the protection of the settlement. Announcements and warnings were made from the morang using log drums (tongten or chong kong).
The morang committee included a headman (ungor), an assistant headman (tonglu), advisors (tator), and members responsible for maintenance (tiyar) and reception of guests. This structured system shows how age and responsibilities were organized in Ao-Naga society.
Thus, the age grade system of the Ao-Nagas played a crucial role in socializing, educating, and disciplining the youth, helping preserve the cultural values and unity of the community.
6. Write a short note on the social organization of the Apatanis.
Ans: The Apatani practice Mite and Mura endogamy and clan exogamy as marriage rules. Marriages through mutual consent is more in prevalence in the society. Love marriage has been described as nyimi mia salaka mi milo lasune which means literally as female and male fall in love and become husband and wife. Negotiated marriage involves elaborate rituals and expenses and is preferred by the wealthier Apatanis. Negotiation marriage is known as mida, and Apatani distinguish between the dachi mida of economically weaker people and the datu mida of the wealthier families. Cross cousin marriage is not followed of but a boy can marry a girl of his mother’s clan provided no consanguineous relationship can be traced within the past four generations. A man is permitted to marry his wife’s elder or younger sister and also his brother’s widow.
Bride price is not obligatory. Residence after marriage is patrilocal. Divorce is permitted and if divorce takes places then the son of divorced couple remains with the father and takes his clan name and the daughter leaves with mother and takes the maternal clan name.Regarding the rule of inheritance the son inherit the paternal property. The daughters only inherit the moveable property like cloths ornaments. They inherit a share of the tasang-tavin (beads and gem strings) from their mother. After the death of the father, it is the son who is the controlling power in the family.
Hi! my Name is Parimal Roy. I have completed my Bachelor’s degree in Philosophy (B.A.) from Silapathar General College. Currently, I am working as an HR Manager at Dev Library. It is a website that provides study materials for students from Class 3 to 12, including SCERT and NCERT notes. It also offers resources for BA, B.Com, B.Sc, and Computer Science, along with postgraduate notes. Besides study materials, the website has novels, eBooks, health and finance articles, biographies, quotes, and more.
