Change Climate Climate change is arguably among the most pressing societal challenges of our times, and is now certainly the most well-known amongst the public. From initial observations of global warming and proposed ideas about the root causes, a steady consensus has built up that climate is one of the most serious threats facing the world in the near future.
European Research on Change Climate Pdf
Climate change research: its European roots Climate sciences have an illustrious European history.
In the 19th century, Germany’s Wladimir Köppen laid the foundations for climatology, while the French mathematician Joseph Fourier (1768 – 1830) postulated the natural greenhouse warming effect and speculated that human behavior could change the climate of a region.
Swedish Nobel Prize winner Svante Arrhenius made the first, and amazingly realistic, calculations in 1896 on how changes in the levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere could alter the temperature of the Earth’s surface.
In the 1930s the British scientist Guy Stewart Callendar demonstrated that global land temperatures had increased over the previous 50 years and showed that this could have been caused by anthropogenic CO2 emissions.
Research into the Earth’s climate system has been present in the EU’s Framework Programmes from the beginning. In the 1980s the focus was on the ozone depletion in the stratosphere and EU-projects played an important role in the global ban of the production of Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and other ozone-depleting substances (Montreal protocol).
Meanwhile, the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases raised concerns about climate change and lead to the establishment of the IPCC in 1988. Since then, European research provided essential contributions to its regularly published assessment reports.
Climate research has grown considerably in size and complexity. FP5 (1998– 2002) supported a large number of projects within the specific ‘key action’ on ‘Global Change, and Biodiversity. FP6 (2003-2008) supported 31 large projects on climate change, with research areas ranging from atmospheric pollutants to the prediction of climate change and its impacts.
Climate change, future warming, and adaptation in Europe
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