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NIOS Class 10 English Chapter 21 The Village Pharmacy
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The Village Pharmacy
Chapter – 21
BOOK – II
21.2 LET US UNDERSTAND THE TEXT
21.2.2 PART – 1
It was already six ……………. part of your school.
I’m sure there have been occasions when you have come home late from school and your parents have been worried for you. In the same way, in this lesson, one day Neema’s parents and grandparents are worried because Neema is very late. When she finally comes home she tells her family that she and her classmates have planted 94 neem saplings in memory of the children who have died in a terrible fire accident in Kumbakonam. That is how she got late. Neema’s school has decided to remember the 94 children by planting neem trees in their memory.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 21.1
I. Answer the following questions:
1. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words from the text
(a) Neema was studying in the ………… standard.
Ans. VIII.
(b) Her father was a …………… by profession.
Ans. Doctor/paediatrician.
(c) Neema came home with a ………….. a in her hand.
Ans. Neem sapling.
(d) The fire accident took place in ..………… in Tamil Nadu.
Ans. Kumbakonam.
(e) Neema’s …………… were visiting her family from the village.
Ans. Grandparents.
2. Circle the correct meaning of the underlined phrases in the following sentences from among the options given below each sentence.
(a) The country is paying homage to the dead soldiers today.
1. showing respect.
2. passing a comment.
3. giving a prize.
4. celebrating.
Ans. 1. showing respect.
(b) Sometimes we have to face some tragic circumstances in life.
1. surprising events.
2. sad events.
3. cause to be angry.
4. occasions.
Ans. 2. sad events.
(c) Her plans to start a business of her own were nipped in the bud when the bank, as well as her friends and relatives refused to give her a loan.
1. changed.
2. postponed.
3. plucked the flower while it was a bud.
4. destroyed at an early stage.
Ans. 4. destroyed at an early stage.
(d) When a person dies we pray for the peace of the departed soul.
1. a missing person.
2. a person who has left home.
3. a person who has died.
4. a person who is alive.
Ans. 3. a person who has died.
3. What do you think about the idea of paying homage to loved ones by planting a tree in their memory? Would you plant a tree in memory of a loved one? Why? Answer in about 30 words.
Ans. Yes, I like this idea of planting a tree very much. When we grow a tree in some one’s memory it reminds us of that person. Trees will also help us in purifying the environment.
21.2.2 PART – 2
Yes I agree ………… created an interested in medicine.
In the previous unit Neema brings a neem sapling to plant in her garden. She shows it to her grandparents. How do Neema’s grandparents react?
Neema’s grandmother tells her that her grandfather has a lot of knowledge about the neem tree. Neema gets very excited and wants to know about it. She has a science exhibition in her school, the next week, and thinks that she can use the information to prepare for the exhibition.
Neema’s grandfather uses many neem products. He tells her about how good they are for his health and fitness. He also tells her that her father became interested in becoming a doctor because he often watched his grandfather prepare medicines out of the neem tree.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 21.2
Answer the following questions:
Q.1. Answer in one or two words only:
(a) How old was Neema’s grand father?
Ans. Neema’s grandfather was eighty years.
(b) What was about to happen in old Neema’s school the following week?
Ans. Next week science exhibition was going to be held.
(c) How did Neema’s grandfather brush he teeth?
Ans. He brushed his teeth with neem twings.
(d) What did Neema’s grandfather apply on his face?
Ans. He applied neem paste on his face.
Q.2. How did Neema’s father get motivated to become a doctor?
Ans. He saw his grandfather preparing medicines from various parts of neem trees. In this manner he got interested in medicine.
Q.3. Why did the villagers call the neem tree ‘the village pharmacy’?
Ans. The neem tree has many useful qualities – Every part of tree can be used to cure diseases.
Q. 4. In India medicines have traditionally been prepared from plants, herbs, spices and everyday kitchen ingre- dients. Our mothers and grandmothers know how to prepare some of these medicines at home. They often use such home remedies to cure small health problems and ailments.
Find out at least 2 such home-remedies and record in the table below. One example has been provided.
21.2.3 PART – 3
Traditionally, in India ……………….. and you’re a wonder girl too.
Neema’s grandfather tells her that neem is an insect repellent, a pesticide, an air cooler and a medicine for several diseases. Did you know that the temperature under a neem tree is 10 degrees lower than in the surrounding area? Neem trees grow very fast, they grow anywhere, in any kind of soil and last for hundreds of years. Neema’s grandfather also tells her how wonderful her name is and that she is a wonderful girl just like the neem tree. Let us now find out how neem has been used as a medicine for many centuries in India.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 21.3
Q.1. Say whether the following statements are true or false:
(a) The neem tree can fight many diseases.
Ans. True.
(b) A neem tree takes very long to grow.
Ans. False.
(c) The neem tree provides a very cool shades.
Ans. True.
(d) Neem leaf chutney was part of Gandhiji diet.
Ans. True.
(e) The neem tree reduces the fertility of the soil.
Ans. False.
(f) Neem is an evergreen, perennial tree.
Ans. True.
Q.2. The lesson says that the neem tree and its leaves are effective as an insecticide and fertilizer. Why is this important? Why do you think it is important to use plant- based products as insecticides and fertilizers. Answer in around 50 words.
Ans. It is necessary to use plant based products because they do not have harmful chemicals. They have no side-effect. Chemical fertilizers harm environment. So we should use fertilizers, pesticides and insecticides made from neem.
Q.3. Neema says, “How blessed I am to be named after the neem tree”. Why do you think Neema said that?
Ans. Neema’s name comes from neem tree. Neem tree has many qualities. The qualities make neem tree useful and beneficial.
Neema thinks that because of good luck she has name Neema.
LET US TALK 21.1
A construction company wants to cut down some large and old trees for the purpose of setting up a factory outside your village. The village panchayat is unhappy with this proposal and wants to suggest another site for the factory which has no trees. As a member of the village panchayat deliver a talk on ‘Save the Trees in our
Neighbourhood’ in the panchayat meeting to convince the village people about why the trees should be saved. Develop your talk with the help of the given points
- names of the trees
- age of the trees
- special qualities of the trees
- how little resources or efforts are required to maintain and grow the trees
- parts of these trees that are useful to us
- other benefits of keeping the trees
- negative impact or effects of cutting the trees
- both trees and the factory can co-exist
Ans. ‘Save the Trees in our ‘Neighbourhood’ I, as the member of the village panchayat wish to deliver a task on saving the trees. I agree that setting up of factory is must for the development of the village But it is not a wise decision to cut down some large and old trees. These trees have special qualities. They have special qualities and purify the air. Trees will provide habitat to many animals. By cutting the trees. Soil erosion will take place. It is urged that factory should be built but at another site so that trees can co-exist along with factory.
Exercise – 1
Change the following sentences from the active voice to the passive voice.
(a) The teacher gave a neem sapling to Neema.
Ans. Aneem sapting was given to Neema by the teacher.
(b) Her grandmother opened the door.
Ans. The door was opened by her grand- mother.
(c) Neema showed the sapling to everybody.
Ans. The sapling was shown to every body by Neema.
(d) She planted it in her garden.
Ans. It was plenned by her in her garden.
(e) She waters it every day.
Ans. It is wanted every day.
(f) Neema uses its twigs to clean her teeth.
Ans. It twigs are used by Neema to clean her teeth.
(g) Her grandfather makes manure from its fallen leaves.
Ans. Manure is made from its fallen leaves by her grandfather.
(h) Neema is taking care of the tree.
Ans. The tree is being taken care of by Neema.
Exercise – 1
Identify the adjectives of quality in the following paragraph by underlining them.
The apple is one of the most loved fruit trees and it has a lot of friends in birds and children who like to eat its fruits. During the spring the apple tree gets covered in delicate pink flowers which fill everyone’s heart with a promise. In the autumn the branches are laden with many red apples. Children and birds come looking for the juicy fruits. Apples can be eaten raw or cooked and made into sweet desserts. Whatever way you choose to eat it, an apple is always good for you.
Ans. The apple is one of the most loved fruit trees and it has a lot of friends in birds and children who like to eat its fruits. During the spring the apple tree gets covered delicate pink flowers which fill everyone’s heart with a promise. In the autumn the branches are take with many red apples. Children and birds come looking for the juicy fruits. Apples can be eaten raw or cooked and made into sweet deserts. Whatever way you choose to eat it an apple is always good for you.
Exercise – 2
Fill in the blanks with suitable options from the words given below Do not forget to capitalize the first letter of every sentence:
enough, any, some, no, half, all
(a) _______ the trees in my garden have been planted by my grandfather, and the other half by my grandmother.
Ans. Half.
(b) ________ of my friends don’t like to eat fruits, but I love them.
Ans. Some.
(c) There has not been _______ rain this year.
Ans. Any.
(d) There are ________ mistakes in your maths paper You scored 100% in maths.
Ans. No.
(e) _______ the apples I bought at that shop were rotten. I will never go there again to buy anything.
Ans. All.
(f) These days we don’t eat ______ healthy food.
Ans. Enough.
Exercise – 1
Your colony is holding a Polio Awareness Campaign’ on the occasion of Independence Day. Write a notice to be put up at the local community centre informing people about it.
They may bring their children aged five years or below for the polio vaccination.
Ans.
Polio Awareness Compaign Notice
16 September, 20XX
Residents are being informed that camp will be held on 20th September in the local community centre. The timings will be from 10 a.m to 4. p.m. You are required to bring your children aged five years or below for polio vaccination.
Issued by Ministry of Health.
Exercise – 2
Now let us write a message with the help of the following inputs:
Message from Sanjay to Sana
- Sana absent from school today.
- Science test to be held the next day.
- The teacher wants to check the notebook also.
Ans. 26th July 20XX
Dear Sana,
As, you were absent today, I want to inform you science test will be held tomorrow i.e. 27th November. You must carry your note- book also for checking.
Sanjay.
TERMINAL QUESTIONS
Q.1. This lesson is titled “The Village Pharmacy’. Do you think this is an appropriate title? Why?
Ans. It is an appropriate title because Pharmacy is a place where we get medicines. In the same way the neem tree gives us cure for many diseases.
The village people can get many cure for their health problems.
Q.2. Neema’s grandfather had a lot of knowledge about the neem tree. List at least 10 things that he told Neema about the neem tree.
Ans. Neem tree is a medicine of several diseases. It is used to purify the blood and clear the skin. It also makes the air pure. Its wood is termite resistant. It is also used as an insect repellant. It is used to make soaps, shampoos and oils.
Q.3. You have read about the many uses of neem. Would you like to start using neem products? Are you inspired to use more natural products like neem? Give reasons for your answer.
Ans. Yes, Neem products are always inspiring. They are both useful and enjoyable. I have been very inspired to use natural products like Tulsi, Amla, Aloe-vera etc.
Q.4. Do you know that besides neem, there are many other trees around us which are very useful? Find out about two more such trees and write at least 3 ways in which each of them can be used.
Ans. The other trees which are useful are Peepal tree and banana tree. Peepal tree give us shade, religious offerings and air purifier.
Banana tree leaves are used serve food, to make paper cups and used during pooja ceremony.
Q.5. Match the parts of a neem tree with their uses given below:
| Parts of a neem tree | Uses |
| bark, seeds, leaves | organic manures |
| twigs | medicines |
| fallen leaves/litter | blood purifier |
| neem wood/timber | to clean the teeth |
| neem juice | carpentry |
Ans.
| Parts of a neem tree | Uses |
| bark, seeds, leaves | medicines |
| twigs | to clean the teeth |
| fallen leaves/litter | organic manures |
| neem wood/timber | carpentry |
| neem juice | blood purifier |
Q.6. Choose the correct word/ phrase from the given options to fill in the blanks.
| agro friendly, eco friendly, organic content,termite resistant, air cooler, insect repellent |
(a) If you mix neem oil in paint, the wood becomes ……………….. .
Ans. Termite resistant.
(b) In the summers, wet khus curtains or blinds serve as an ……………….. .
Ans. air cooler.
(c) These days, there are several ……………… products available in the market.
Ans. eco-friendly.
(d) Decayed vegetable matter increases the fertility and ……………. of the soil.
Ans. organic content.
(e) Cow dung, ash are all …………….. products and can be safely used for protecting plants from pests.
Ans. agro friendly.
(f) Rubbing mustard oil mixed with neem oil on the body works like an……………. .
Ans. insect repellent.
PASSAGE FOR COMPREHENSION
Read the following passages correctly and answer the questions that follow:
PASSAGE – 1
It was already six in the evening. Neema, a student of standard VIII, had not yet returned home from school. Iniyavan, her father, a paediatrician at the city hospital, her mother, Vembu and her grandparents who had come from the village were very much worried. Neema entered just then with a sapling in her hand.
Questions
1. Why was Neema late from school?
Ans. Neema was take from school because homage ceremony was held in school.
2. In which school Neema studied.
Ans. Neema studied in Sri Krishna High school in Kumbakonam.
3. Which tree sapling was Neema carrying?
Ans. Neema was carry sapling of neem tree.
4. Choose a word from the passage which means ‘Child Specialist’.
Ans. Child Specialist – Paediatrician.
PASSAGE – 2
Grandma, we have planted 94 neem saplings in our school campus in memory of the departed souls. We see in the saplings the images of the children whose lives were mercilessly nipped in the bud. I have brought home one sapling to be planted in our garden.
Questions
1. Who do the departed souls refer to?
Ans. Departed souls refer to the children who lost their lives.
2. Explain the phrase ‘nipped in the bud’.
Ans. ‘Nipped in the bud’ means to be crushed before they could grow.
3. How were the lives lost?
Ans. The lives were lost in the fire which took place when fire spread in the kitchen.
4. Give the meaning of ‘mercilessly’.
Ans. Mercilessly – Cruelly
PASSAGE – 3
It’s true that we villagers call the neem tree our ‘village pharmacy’ To begin with, look at my teeth. I am eighty Can you believe? This is thanks to the neem twigs that I use to clean my teeth every morning. Look at my skin-still blemish less as a child’s. Thanks again to the neem paste that I apply regularly. I’m hale and hearty even at eighty.
Questions
1. Why do we call neem tree our village ‘Pharmacy’?
Ans. Neem tree is called our village pharmacy because it is used to clean teeth, neem paste and blood purifier.
2. How did grandfather find neem useful?
Ans. Grandfather found neem useful because neem kept him hale and hearty.
3. What has made grandpa hale and hearty?
Ans. Grandpa is hale and hearty because of the neem juice he drank regularly.
4. Find word from the passage which means branches?
Ans. Branches – Twings.
PASSAGE – 4
It can combat diabetes and malaria. Boils, rashes and wounds disappear in no time. You name it and the neem cures it. It is a panacea for many ailments. Even as early as 4000-4500 years ago, various parts of the neem tree were used in cosmetics and medicinal products by East Indian Harappans.
Questions
1. What does ‘It’ stand for?
Ans. ‘It’ stands for neem.
2. Which two diseases neem can control?
Ans. Neem can control diabetes and malaria.
3. Which example shows that neem tree was used in ancient times?
Ans. Neem tree was used by East Indian Harappans.
4. Find word which means ‘diseases’.
Ans. Diseases – ailments.
PASSAGE – 5
And Neema, if you think that the neem has medicinal properties alone, you are mistaken. It also increases the fertility of the soil. Thus it is eco-friendly. It is a good insect repellent. In fact research has proved that its chemical makeup is such that it is resistant to more than two hundred different types of insects. It has also proved to be a good pesticide. Neem is thus girlfriendly too. It protects crops from harmful insects, viruses and bacteria. The litter of its fallen leaves is rich in organic content and hence serves as good manure.
