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Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 3 Assamese Society in Medieval Age
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Assamese Society in Medieval Age
Chapter – 3
| Exercise |
1. Write short answers:
(a) Name the important kingdoms of medieval Assam.
Ans: The important kingdoms of medieval Assam include the Ahom Kingdom, the Kachari Kingdom, the Chutiya Kingdom, the Koch Kingdom, and the Dimasa Kingdom.
(b) The women of which community wear the dakhana?
Ans: The women of the Bodo community wear the dakhana.
(c) Who were the owners of land during the Ahom rule?
Ans: During the Ahom rule, the land was primarily owned by the state, and the king was considered the ultimate owner. However, it was managed by various officials and noble families, and common people had rights to use the land under the state’s supervision.
(d) What was the mode of exchange in trade and commerce during the middle ages?
Ans: The mode of exchange in trade and commerce during the middle ages often involved barter systems and the use of traditional currency, such as cowries (shells) and metallic coins.
(e) Who had established a religious school at Bordowa of Silpukhuri by the river Kapili?
Ans: Srimanta Sankardeva, the Vaishnavite saint and reformer, established a religious school at Bordowa of Silpukhuri by the river Kapili.
2. Match the following:
| Group A | Group B |
| Madhav Kandali | Darrang Rajbangshavali |
| Sukumar Borkaith | Ratnamala |
| Purushottam Bidyabagish | Ramayana |
| Bhattadev | Hasti Bidyarnav |
| Baladev Surjya Khari Daivagya | Katha Gita |
Ans:
| Group A | Group B |
| Madhav Kandali | Ramayana |
| Sukumar Borkaith | Darrang Rajbangshavali |
| Purushottam Bidyabagish | Ramayana |
| Bhattadev | Hasti Bidyarnav |
| Baladev Surjya Khari Daivagya | Katha Gita |
3. Fill in the blanks:
(a) The Hayagriva Madhav temple was constructed by __________.
Ans: Suvarnamayi, the queen of Ahom King Pramatta Singha.
(b) The women of the middle ages had a _________ position.
Ans: Significant.
(c) The tribal people followed __________ cultivation.
Ans: Slash-and-burn.
(d) Ananta Kandali translated into ___________ Assamese.
Ans: Medieval.
(e) __________ was an important characteristic of the middle ages.
Ans: Religious syncretism.
4. Tick the correct Answer:
(a) The administration of the medieval age was monarchic/democratic.
Ans: Monarchic.
(b) The Ahoms/Koch introduced the paik system.
Ans: Ahoms.
(c) The hasoti and the tongali belonged to the Bodos/ Baro Bhugans
Ans: Bodos.
(d) Ahom architecture was influenced by the Mughals and the parise from the time of swargadeo rudra singha / swargadeo shiva Singha?
Ans: Swargadeo Rudra Singha.
(e) What is the important features of kacharis architecture?
Ans: The use of wood and bamboo in construction.
5. Answer within fifty words:
(a) The paik system of the Ahoms.
Ans: The paik system is an outstanding administrative machinery of Ahom for 600 years of rule. The engagement of all the male folk in agriculture work as well as in military service in war time through the paik system reduces the unemployment and military expenses. Besides, it was an instrument to control unrest activities of indigenous tribes by engaging all male adult in to paik system. All adult male between 16 to 50 years old had rendered personal service to the state under the paik system. This type of collective engagement of all adult male in the state services builds a strong Ahom rule.
(b) Why did the Ahoms introduce the posa system?
Ans: The Paik system was a method by which the Ahom king obtained service from the people and also provided service back to the people. By the 17th century it had evolved into a robust system that gave the Ahom kingdom resilience in the face of a long protracted war against the Mughals.
(c) What was the role played by the women of mendivel Assam.
Ans: There was a class of women who engaged themselves in a varied range of productive activities within the domain of the household. Chastity was recognized as one of the most essential aspects of a woman’s character and mediaeval Assam was no different.The familial roles of women were not valorised, and their domestic labour was never translated into economic terms. The majority of the women were supposed to undertake various kinds of household duties viz. cleaning the house, cooking food, raising, and taking care of children and looking after the house. While discussing the social and economic status of women, Kumkum Roy in Women in Early Indian Societies said that ‘women whose social status was legitimate, did not have equivalent legitimate access to an independent economic status, whereas women whose socio-sexual status are ambivalent at best, were more easily recognized as independent actors’. However, there were women who undertook economic activities through the household and outside the household. There was a class of women who engaged themselves in a varied range of productive activities within the domain of the household.
(d) The agriculture of the middle ages.
Ans: The peasants produced a large variety of food crops, cash crops, fruits, vegetables and spices. They practised advanced agricultural techniques such as crop rotation, double cropping, three crop harvesting, fruit grafting etc. Various types of artificial water lifting devices were also used for this purpose.
(e) What were the important features of kachari architecture.
Ans: The important features of kachari architecture are the Kachari ruins include around one hundred stone pillars in three parallel rows. The pillars are carved out of sandstone. These are monoliths, varying in heights from 8 feet to 9 feet. The biggest and tallest monolith found here is around 12 feet in height.
6. Prepare a note on the economic activity of medieval Assam.
Ans: The economy of Assam during the days of the Ahom was agro-based as its soil was exceedingly fertile and well adapted for all kinds of agricultural products. Rice was the staple food of the people and therefore, production of paddy was the main cultivation.
7. Given your opinion on the Ahoms policy on the land.
Ans: The basic Ahom policy towards the tribes was one of conciliation. If conciliation failed, they used force to break the power of the turbulent tribes. The Abom rulers had the practical sense to understand that it would never be possible to subjugate the tribes completely and occupy their territories.
8. Collect and make an album of pictures of the built during the middle age.
Ans: Do yourself.
9. Make a list of the books and writers and compositions of the middle age.
Ans: List of the books and writers and compositions of the middle age are mentioned below:
(i) “The Canterbury Tales” by Geoffrey Chaucer (c. 1387-1400).
(ii) “Beowulf” (Anonymous, c. 700-1000).
(iii) “Le Morte d’Arthur” by Sir Thomas Malory (1485)
(iv) “The Book of the City of Ladies” by Christine de Pizan (1405).
10. “The language literature and culture tradition as we now know their origin not to one but every community and community and tribe and is therefore , the common treasure of all .Explain the quoted sentence.
Ans: Do yourself.
