History of Philosophy
History of Philosophy The purpose of the writer in compiling this textbook has been so to set forth the succession of schools and systems of philosophy as to accord to Scholasticism a presentation to some degree adequate to its importance in the history of speculative thought.
History of Philosophy PDF
The History of Philosophy is the exposition of philosophical opinions and of systems and schools of philosophy. It includes the study of the lives of philosophers, the inquiry into the mutual connection of schools and systems of thought, and the attempt to trace the course of philosophical progress or retrogression.
The nature and scope of philosophy furnish reasons for the study of its history. Philosophy does not confine its investigation to one or several departments of knowledge; it is concerned with the ultimate principles and laws of all things.
Every science has f6r its aim to find the causes of phenomena; philosophy seeks to discover ultimate causes, thus carrying to a higher plane the unifying process begun in the lower sciences. The vastness of the field of inquiry, the difficulty of synthesizing the results of scientific investigation, and the constantly increasing complexity of these results necessitated the gradual development of philosophy.
To each generation and to each individual the problems of philosophy present themselves anew, and the influences, personal, racial, climatic, social, and religious, which bear on the generation or on the individual must be studied in order that the meaning and value of each doctrine and system be understood and appreciated.
Such influences are more than a matter of mere erudition; they have their place in the pnenotanda to the solution of every important question in philosophy ; for, as Coleridge says, ” the very fact that any doctrine has been believed by thoughtful men is part of the problem to be solved, is one of the phenomena to be accounted for.”
Moreover, philosophical doctrines, while they are to be regarded primarily as contributions to the truth, are also to be studied as vital forces that have determined to a large extent the literary, artistic, political, and industrial life of the world. Today, more than ever, it is clearly understood that without a knowledge of these forces it is impossible to comprehend the inner movements of thought which alone explain the outer actions of men and nations.
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