Class 12 Agriculture and Floriculturist Chapter 6 Maintain Health and Safety at the Workplace

Class 12 Agriculture and Floriculturist Chapter 6 Maintain Health and Safety at the Workplace Solutions English Medium As Per AHSEC New Syllabus to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters Class 12 Agriculture and Floriculturist Chapter 6 Maintain Health and Safety at the Workplace Question Answer and select need one. Class 12 Agriculture and Floriculturist Chapter 6 Maintain Health and Safety at the Workplace Notes Download PDF. AHSEC Class 12 Elective Agriculture and Floriculturist Question Answer English Medium.

Class 12 Agriculture and Floriculturist Chapter 6 Maintain Health and Safety at the Workplace

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Also, you can read the NCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) Book guidelines. AHSEC Class 12 Elective Agriculture and Floriculturist Textual Solutions are part of All Subject Solutions. Here we have given AHSEC Class 12 Agriculture and Floriculturist Chapter 6 Maintain Health and Safety at the Workplace Textbook Solutions English Medium for All Chapters, You can practice these here.

Maintain Health and Safety at the Workplace

Chapter: 6

A. Fill in the Blanks:

1. To induce vomiting, _________________ can be used. 

Ans: Table salt and mustard oil.

2. Contaminated skin must be _________________. 

Ans: Washed with soap.

3. To protect eyes and respiratory tract from toxic gases, _______________________ is used. 

Ans: Gas mask.

4. Hand gloves made up of __________________ are used to handle chemicals. 

Ans: Rubber.

5. For inhaled poison, first-aid can be__________________.

Ans: Artificial respiration.

B. Multiple Choice Questions:

1. Common symptoms of pesticide poisoning are: 

(a) Headache. 

(b) Vomiting and nausea. 

(c) Difficulty in respiration. 

(d) All of these. 

Ans: (d) All of these.

2. To prevent hazards at working place, availability of following materials should be ensured: 

(a) SDS. 

(b) First-aid kits. 

(c) Protective clothing. 

(d) All of these.

Ans: (d) All of these.

3. Emergency services comprise ___________________. 

(a) Ambulance.

(b) Fire brigade. 

(c) Both (a) and (b).

(d) None of these.

Ans: (c) Both (a) and (b).

4. Potential dangerous creatures around house and office buildings include ___________.

(a) Lizards. 

(b) Snakes. 

(c) Spiders and scorpions.

(d) All of these.

Ans: (d) All of these.

5. What safety measures are required during the application of pesticides to the crop? 

(a) Mixing the correct quantity of pesticide and clean water, and spraying during evening time.

(b) Use of any type of nozzle and spray mixture.

(c) Spraying of insecticides with flat nozzle against the direction of wind.

(d) Spraying at any time during the day.

Ans: (a) Mixing the correct quantity of pesticide and clean water, and spraying during evening time.

6. What safe pesticide handling practices are required to be followed by the farmers? 

(a) Wearing clean personal protective equipment (PPE).

(b) Wash hands with clean water before doing any activity which involves food intake or use of area around mouth, eyes, nostrils, etc. 

(c) If an insecticide or its solution happens to fall on the clothing or body of an individual, give a proper wash to remove the pesticide completely. 

(d) All of the above.

Ans: (d) All of the above.

C. Subjective Questions:

1. What are the first aid treatment measures for chemical poisoning?

Ans: Chemical poisoning may result from continuous contact or absorption through skin, inhalation of toxic vapour or swallowing it directly. Common symptoms of pesticide poisoning are headache, nausea, vomiting, tremors, convulsion, and difficulty in respiration. A first-aid kit with necessary antidotes should be available at the work site for each type of poisoning. Antidotes are always mentioned on the pesticide containers.

Swallowed poison: If the poison has been swallowed, induce vomiting immediately. Mustard oil or table salt in a glass of warm water is good for this purpose. Touching the throat internally with finger will also induce vomiting. Vomiting process should be continued till a clear liquid starts coming out of the stomach. If the patient goes into convulsions or in unconscious state, vomiting should be induced. If the poison is due to ingestion of mercury compounds, egg white and milk should be given first, and then vomiting should be induced. At the end of inducing vomiting, soothing substances like raw egg white (mixed with water), butter, or cream milk must be given.

(i) Skin contamination: Contaminated clothes may at once be removed. Contaminated skin should be washed with soap and water and also flushed with plenty of water to reduce the extent of injury.

(ii) Eye poisoning: Eyes of the victim maybe washed with plenty of water, keeping the eyelids open. A quick decisive action is desirable as a delay of a few seconds may greatly increase the extent of the injury. Refer to an eye doctor immediately.

(iii) Inhaled poison: The victim of inhaled poison must be immediately exposed to an open area with fresh air. Keep the patient quiet as far as possible. Provide a blanket to avoid chilling. If breathing stops, artificial respiration technique through mouth maybe used.

2. What protective devices are meant for protection in the agricultural field?

Ans: Protective devices are those items which protect the body of a farmer from harmful chemicals, pesticides, dust, and other hazards while working in the field. These include protective clothing, hand gloves made of rubber, protective shoes, masks, shields for eyes, and aprons. These devices are necessary to prevent direct contact of agrochemicals with the body and thus ensure the safety of workers.

3. Define agro-chemicals.

Ans: The term ‘pesticides’ is indeed a non-specific and broad term, and includes as diverse a group of chemicals as herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, nematicides, rodenticides, molluscicides, acaricides, plant growth regulators, and chemical fertilisers commonly used in agriculture.

 4. Discuss the various harmful effects of agro-chemicals.

Ans: Chemical hazards in agriculture are related to the dangerous pesticides being used, as well as in the maintenance of plant protection equipment and spraying of pesticides. It has been reported by WHO that there are three million cases of agrochemical poisoning with up to 20,000 reported (unintentional) deaths in a year in developing nations.

Some of these pesticides can be harmless, while others can cause severe to very severe damage to the central nervous system, kidney, or increase the risk of cancer. Initial symptoms may be variable and misleading such as muscular weakness, headache, dizziness, and nausea. Continuous use of certain agrochemicals, especially pesticides with which our body comes in contact or is exposed to, results in long term damage to organs like kidney, liver, or the nervous and the endocrinal system inside our body.

Pesticides must not be found in food products but may be present due to reasons like indiscriminate and extensive use of chemical pesticides, non-observance of prescribed safety norms, sourcing unsafe or sub-standard pesticides, wrong advice and supply of pesticides by vendors, leakage or lack of care in disposal of agrochemicals or its waste by-products, improper maintenance of agrochemical manufacturing, storage and preparation areas, and not using appropriate protective apparels by field operators.

D. Match the Columns:

Ans:

1. During harvesting, ensure that the operators wear ______________, and secure their ______________to avoid entanglement.

Ans: Tight clothes, hair.

2. Nobody should be allowed to _______________ onto the machine while it is in motion.

Ans: Climb. 

3. Operators must wear___________clothing.

Ans: Protective.

B. Multiple Choice Questions:

1. What is necessary to check before starting the machinery? 

(a) Farm operations.

(b) Fill the fuel.

(c) Check the tires. 

(d) Check the lights. 

Ans: (c) Check the tires.

2. What type of care is required to avoid any machinery accident? 

(a) Using a machine that is unsuitable for the task.

b) Using casual approach for operation. 

(c) Working with missing or defective guards and other safety devices. 

(d) Following all the precautions during the operation. 

Ans: (d) Following all the precautions during the operation. 

3. Which of the following safety precautions are necessary while refueling of tractor or any other machinery? 

(a) Engine in running condition. 

(b) Engine in off position. 

(c) Engine in off position and no open flame nearby. 

(d) All of these.

Ans: (d) All of these.

C. Subjective Questions:

1. Enlist the general inspection points to be observed before using the machinery. 

Ans: (i) Check the operator manual of the machine for pre-operative instructions and follow them as advised.

(ii) Particular attention is warranted to items like brakes, wheels, moving parts of machine (if openly visible) and tires of tractors or vehicles.

(iii) Make sure that the guards and protective covers are securely positioned so that these would not come out loose.

(iv) Promptly repair or replace the defective or damaged parts of machine, if any.

(v) Stopping devices should be functioning correctly, for example, brakes, emergency stops (electric switches), etc.

(vi) While coupling, engaging or attaching equipment or a part with the machines, make sure that the coupling or attachment is properly fit and is of appropriate size or specification and is not loose. Don’t use wrong or makeshift coupling devices and pieces.

(vii) Vehicles and moving machines must have clear rear view mirrors along with fit, fine and properly working reversing aids.

(viii) If the guards over moving parts of a machine are missing, get them fitted out and properly covered before using the machine.

2. Describe the health and safety points to be followed during combine harvesting.

Ans: (i) Familiarise yourself with safety risks and measures to overcome the same.

(ii) Harvesting and threshing machines are most prone to debilitating accidents, viz., crushing, cutting, seizing of body parts, especially hands, feet and trunk. Caution the operators accordingly.

(iii) During field operations with moving vehicles, machinery with moving parts, handling the moving part of a machine, always ensure to wear tight clothing and hair cover to avoid entanglement.

(iv) Never clean, maintain, adjust or clear jams when the machine is on.

(v) Stay clear of outlets, discharges, and all moving parts of the machine.

(vi) If an equipment breaks down, don’t just improvise it, get it repaired.

(vii) Avoid coming close to the moving parts of a powered machine.

(viii) Never leave a machine with the engine running.

(ix) Don’t let children come near a machine while at work.

(x) Don’t refuel a machine with engine running.

(xi) Don’t let flammable articles or substances (like fuel, straw, etc.) close to the working area or machine in operation.

(xii) Do not oil, grease, or adjust the machine during operation. Wait for the engine and moving parts to come to a full stop before doing this. Remember, the feeding area of a thresher is the most dangerous. Do not let your hand or a loose sleeve of shirt enter the feeding area of a thresher.

(xiii) Completely avoid working on a petrol or diesel driven machine in a closed shed or garage. Exhaust fumes are dangerous for your health

3. Describe the use of protective clothing during machinery operations.

Ans: Use of protective clothing is an extra measure of protection. All workers operating the machines must wear protective clothing or personal protective equipment as a protection against accident or hazards. Also, make sure that the protective dress is safe and body fitting (not loose or with loose ends). 

Features of protective dress and equipment: 

(i) Good fit, appropriate, and clean or well maintained. 

(ii) Safe and preventive storage to avoid damage, cuts and insect infestation 

(iii) No rough edges • overall body coverage using overalls, aprons, vests, socks, and gloves 

(iv) Prevent noise pollution while at work. 

(v) Hard hats are always desirable for head protection. 

(vi) Make sure protective clothing is available for different parts of the body. 

(vii) Clothes must be kept clean, fully functional, and sanitised.

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