Class 11 Automotive Service Technician Chapter 1 Engineering Drawing

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Class 11 Automotive Service Technician Chapter 1 Engineering Drawing

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Engineering Drawing

Chapter: 1

SESSION 1: BASIC GEOMETRIC CONSTRUCTIONS

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A. Fill in the blanks: 

1. The understanding of plane geometry is pre-requisite for the proper use of ___________. 

Ans: Geometric constructions.

2. A plane figure surrounded by ______________________ forms a triangle. 

Ans: Three straight sides.

3. A scalene triangle is formed by three ___________ sides and three ___________. 

Ans: Unequal sides, unequal angles.

4. A figure bounded by ___________ sides is called quadrilateral. 

Ans: Four.

5. A quadrilateral with ___________ sides is called rhombus. 

Ans: Four straight.

6. A plane figure bounded by more than ___________ sides is called a polygon. 

Ans: Three.

7. A plane figure bounded by ___________ sides is called a heptagon. 

Ans: Seven.

8. A plane figure bounded by ___________ sides is called a decagon.

Ans: 10.

B. State whether the following statements are true or false: 

1. Bisecting the line means dividing the line into two equal parts. 

Ans: True.

2. If one line is perpendicular to another line, they intersect each other at 45°. 

Ans: False.

3. A triangle having all the three sides equal is called an equilateral triangle. 

Ans: True.

4. A plane figure with more than five sides is called a quadrilateral. 

Ans: False.

5. A quadrilateral with all four equal sides is called a rhombus. 

Ans: True.

6. A quadrilateral with one pair of opposite side parallels is called a trapezium. 

Ans: True.

7. A plane figure bounded by eight sides is called a heptagon. 

Ans: False.

8. A plane figure bounded by nine sides is called a nonagon. 

Ans: True.

C. Multiple choice questions: 

1. Which method is used for drawing various geometric shapes? 

(a) Geometric construction. 

(b) Polygon method. 

(c) Contour method. 

(d) None of the above. 

Ans: (a) Geometric construction. 

2. An isosceles triangle has _____________. 

(a) Two equal sides and angles. 

(b) Two equal sides and angles.

(c) Three equal sides and angles. 

(d) None of the above. 

Ans: (a) Two equal sides and angles. 

3. An equilateral triangle is formed by _____________. 

(a) Equal sides and equal angles. 

(b) Only equal sides. 

(c) Only angles. 

(d) No equal side or angle. 

Ans: (a) Equal sides and equal angles.

4. What is the sum of all three interior angles of a triangle equal to? 

(a) 180 degrees.

(b) 90 degrees. 

(c) 360 degrees.

(d) 60 degrees.

Ans: (a) 180 degrees.

5. A figure bounded by four straight sides is called a ____________. 

(a) Quadrilateral. 

(b) Square. 

(c) Triangle. 

(d) Equilateral triangle.

Ans: (a) Quadrilateral.

D. Answer the following questions: 

1. Why are geometric constructions important in making drawings? 

Ans: Geometric constructions help students in developing skills to handle drawing tools and promote logical thinking. Engineering drawing is a representation of graphical language, hence, involves geometrical constructions. It provides all the information about an item or product to the user and helps the mechanist or technician to develop the required product.

 2. What are the steps required for dividing a straight line into seven equal parts? 

Ans: The steps required for dividing a straight line into seven equal parts are as under:

(i) Using a scale draw a line AB. This line is to be divided into equal parts.

(ii) From point A of this line draw a second line at any convenient angle.

(iii) Open a compass to a suitable length and divide the second line into 7 equal parts (points C−G) without altering the compass opening.

(iv) Connect G to B.

(v) Using set squares, draw parallel lines to GB from all the points (points F-C).

(vi) Thus, the line AB gets divided into 7 equal parts.

3. Differentiate between triangle and quadrilateral.

Ans: The different between triangle and quadrilateral are as under:

Triangle	Quadrilateral
(i) A plane figure surrounded by three straight sides forms a triangle.	(i) A figure bounded by four straight sides is called a quadrilateral.
(ii) A scalene triangle is formed by three unequal sides and three unequal angles.	(ii) A quadrilateral which has four sides of equal length and all the four angles as right angles is called square.
(iii) An isosceles triangle is made by two equal sides, and hence two equal angles.	(iii) A quadrilateral which has opposite sides of equal length and all the four angles as right angles is called a rectangle.
(iv) An equilateral triangle is formed by all equal sides and equal angles.	(iv) A quadrilateral which has opposite sides of equal length that are parallel is called parallelogram.
(v) A right-angled triangle has only one right angle in a triangle.	(v) A quadrilateral in which all four sides are equal is called rhombus.
(vi) The side opposite to the right angle is known as the ‘hypotenuse’.	(vi) A quadrilateral with one pair of opposite sides as parallel is called trapezium.

 4. Differentiate between quadrilateral and polygon.

Ans:

Quadrilateral	Polygon
(i) A figure bounded by four straight sides is called quadrilateral.	(i) A plane figure bounded by more than three sides is called a polygon.
(ii) A quadrilateral which has four sides of equal length and all the four angles as right angles is called square.	(ii) A plane figure bounded by five sides is called a pentagon.
(iii) A quadrilateral which has opposite sides of equal length and all the four angles as right angles is called a rectangle.	(iii) A plane figure bounded by six sides is called a hexagon.
(iv) A quadrilateral in which all four sides are equal is called rhombus.	(iv) A plane figure bounded by seven sides is called heptagon.
(v) A quadrilateral with one pair of opposite sides as parallel is called trapezium.	(vi A plane figure bounded by eight sides is called an octagon.

5. List the steps for making a polygon having 10 equal sides.

Ans: The steps for making polygon having 10 equal sides are as under: 

(i) Using a scale draw a line AB equal in length to one of the given sides. Extend the line AB to a point P.

(ii) The exterior angle of the polygon is calculated by dividing 360° by the number of sides of the polygon. In this case the regular polygon is to be a decagon, therefore the exterior angle is 360°/10.

(iii) At point B draw the exterior angle PBC. Mark off BC equal to AB.

(iv) Bisect the lines AB and BC. The bisectors intersect at point O as shown in Fig.1.24.

(v) Open the compass equal to radius OA (OB = OC) and with the needle at O draw a circle.

(vi) Mark off the sides of the figure with a compass opening equal to the side of the polygon from C to D, D to E, E to F, and F to G.

(vii) Join the points on the circumference and ABCDEFGHIJ is the required decagon.

 6. Draw tangents from a given point lying on the diameter of the circle to the circle.

Ans: (i) Draw a circle with center O and radius r.

(ii) Mark the point P on the diameter of the circle.

(iii) Draw a perpendicular from point P to the center O of the circle.

(iv) Let the perpendicular meet the circle at point Q.

(v) The line segment PQ is the required tangent to the circle.

SESSION 2: TOOLS OF ENGINEERING DRAWING

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