NIOS Class 12 Military History Chapter 20 Kargil Conflict – 1999

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NIOS Class 12 Military History Chapter 20 Kargil Conflict – 1999

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Kargil Conflict – 1999

Chapter: 20

MODULE – V: MAJOR WARS POST INDEPENDENCE

Intext Questions 20.1 

1. Where is Kargil situated? 

Ans: Kargil is located in the state of Jammu and Kashmir at a distance of 205 Km from Srinagar and facing towards the Northern Areas of the Line of Control.

2. At what height is Kargil situated and what is the minimum temperature of that area in winters? 

Ans: Average height is 16000 ft and winter temperature touch -50 Celsius.

3. What was the main cause for the of Kargil War? 

Ans: The main aim of Pakistan behind initiating the Kargil War was to make Indian Forces to withdraw from the Siachen Glacier and to create tension in this region and also internationalise the Kashmir issue for a speedy resolution.

4. Who crossed the LOC in Operation Al Badr?

Ans: Pakistan troops and Para military forces.

Intext Questions 20.2 

1. Which were the areas that Pakistan occupied prior to the Kargil War? 

Ans: Mushkon Valley, Marpo La near Drass, Kaksar near Kargil, Chorbatla sector

 and Turtok sector south of the Siachen area.

2. What was the name for military operation carried out by the Indian Forces to remove Pakistani Forces from Kargil. 

Ans: Operation VIJAY.

Intext Questions 20.3 

1. When did the Indian Army detect intrusions in Kargil? 

Ans: May 3 to May 12, 1999.

2. What was the artillery used by the Indian Army against Pakistani Posts? 

Ans: Indian army used the 155 mm Bofors medium guns and 105 mm guns.

3. What were the aircrafts used by the Indian Air Force during the Kargil War?

Ans: Mig 21, Mig 27, Mig 29 and Mirage 2000.

Intext Questions 20.4 

1. What was the duration of the Kargil war? 

Ans: 26 May to 05 Jul 1999.

2. Who were the Prime Ministers of India and Pakistan during the kargil war? 

Ans: A.B. Vajpayee and Nawaz Shariff.

3. Name the American President during the Kargil War.  

Ans: Bill Clinton.

Terminal Exercises

1. Write a short note about “Operation Vijay” by the Indian Army in 1999?

Ans: On May 26, 1999, Indian Army carried out offensive action named Operation VIJAY to evict the Pakistani intruders.” “In military terms ‘Operation Vijay’ was a limited conflict with 2 to 3 Divisions involved on both sides.” “A joint Infantry-Artillery battle with air cover was launched on regular Pakistani soldiers of the Northern Light Infantry (NLI) who occupied high altitude mountain peaks and ridgelines. Indian troops deployed firepower that could destroy the intruders.” “About, 250 artillery guns fired on enemy positions to clear the infiltrators. The Bofors FH-77B field howitzer played a vital role in this operation.” “The final stage involved major battles by Indian and Pakistani forces resulting in India recapturing the territories held by Pakistani forces and the subsequent withdrawal of Pakistani forces back across the Line of Control.

2. What is Kargil Review Committee? Describe in brief.

Ans: After the war was over the Prime Minister of India Atal Bihari Vajipayee set up an inquiry about the causes of Indian intelligence failures. The committee was to identify weaknesses in the organisation of the Armed Forces and suggest remedial measures. The Committee had, K. Subrahmanyam (Chairman), Lieutenant General (Retd.) K.K. Hazari, B.G. Verghese and Satish Chandra, Secretary, National Security Council Secretariat (NSCS) who was also designated as Member-Secretary. The Committee’s findings are based primarily on official documents, authenticated records and copies of documents. The report was not an investigation into what happened at Kargil, but a review of the developments and recommendations as to the measures to be undertaken to prevent such an occurrence in future.