NIOS Class 12 Early Childhood Care and Education Chapter 13 How Children Learn (Early Learning and Teaching)

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NIOS Class 12 Early Childhood Care and Education Chapter 13 How Children Learn (Early Learning and Teaching)

Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 12 Early Childhood Care and Education Solutions, NIOS Senior Secondary Course Early Childhood Care and Education Notes for All Chapter, You can practice these here.

How Children Learn (Early Learning and Teaching)

Chapter: 13

INTEXT QUESTIONS 13.1 

(I) State whether the following statements are true or false: 

(a) Changes or development in one domain facilitates or hinders the development of another domain. 

Ans: True.

(b) Development of various concepts come under cognitive development. 

Ans: True.

(c) All domains of child development are not interrelated. 

Ans: False.

(d) Print awareness is a part of emotional development.

Ans: False.

(II) Answer briefly: 

(a) List some ways to note children’s progress?

Ans: If children are active, asking questions , playing and exploring objects, they are giving signs of progress.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 13.2 

Fill in the blanks: 

(a) ECCE teaching and learning strategies are essentially _____________________.

Ans: Child-centered.

(b) The teaching-learning approach should be __________, that is including all children. 

Ans: Inclusive.

(c) Play stimulates __________ and __________ body. 

Ans: Curiosity and exploration.

(d) ______________ strategies provide learning experiences to children to become an active participant in the learning process. 

Ans: Play and activity-based.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 13.3

Answer the following: 

(a) Write any two cognitive skills that need attention at the ECCE stage. 

Ans: Memory and observation, classification, sequential thinking, problem solving and reasoning.

(b) List any three pre-number concepts. 

Ans: Big, small, same as (size), long, short, same as (length), heavy, light, same as (weight), tall, short, same as (height), fat/ thick, thin, same as (thickness), wide, narrow, same as (width), more, less, same as (mass/quantity), far, near, same as(distance).

(c) List any two activities for personal, social and emotional development.

Ans: Activities for personal-social development are playing with others, being with others, helping others, socialising, developing good habits, maintaining personal hygiene and cleanliness, developing proper eating habits, using toilet correctly, washing hands before and after meals, putting away objects after playing and keeping environment clean, cooperating, respecting etc.

Terminal Exercises

1. What do you mean by curriculum in the context of ECCE?

Ans: Curriculum in ECCE means the total range of preschool experiences and planned opportunities for learning. It includes all activities designed for the complete and integrated development of children.

2. List all the domains of child development.

Ans: The main domains are:

(i) Physical-motor development.

(ii) Language and communication.

(iii) Cognitive development.

(iv) Personal, social and emotional development.

(v) Creative and aesthetic appreciation.

3. Suggest some activities to develop children emotionally and prevent behavioural disorders.

Ans: Opportunities for children must be provided through creative drama, role play, music and movement and creative activities to express emotions.

An understanding of the problem by parents and teachers and a reassuring attitude to help children overcome the anxieties and fears will enable them to get over these behavioral disorders. Punishment is not desirable since it only adds to the humiliation and anxiety.