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NIOS Class 10 Science and Technology Chapter 12 Sources of energy
Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 10 Science and Technology Chapter 12 Sources of energy, NIOS Secondary Course Science and Technology Solutions for All Chapters, You can practice these here.
Sources of energy
Chapter: 12
INTEXT QUESTIONS 12.1
1. List out any five activities from your daily life in which different forms of energy are involved.
Ans: Five activities from your daily life in which different forms of energy are involved are mentioned below:
(i) Cooking of food – heat energy and chemical energy of fuel.
(ii) Lightning of bulbs – electrical energy and light energy.
(iii) Talking to each other – sound energy.
(iv) Cycling – mechanical energy.
(v) Torch – chemical energy of cells.
2. What are the three most common forms of energy that we use frequently?
Ans: Three most common forms of energy that we use frequently are mentioned below:
(i) Heat.
(ii) Light.
(iii) Electricity.
3. Differentiate between renewable and non-renewable sources of energy.
Ans: The energy sources that can be replenished in a short period of time are called renewable energy sources, whereas the energy sources that we are using up and cannot be generated in a short period of time are called non-renewable energy sources.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 12.2
1. Name any four non-renewable sources of energy and give at least one advantage of each.
Ans: (i) Coal, Advantage: It is cheaper and easily accessible.
(ii) Oil Advantage: It is an excellent source of energy for our transportation.
(iii) Natural Gas, Advantage: It is cleaner burning than gasoline, but does produce Carbon Dioxide, the main greenhouse gas and it has high calorific value.
(iv) Nuclear Fuel, Advantage: Nuclear fuel used in nuclear power stations does not burn and hence no waste gases are produced.
2. Nuclear energy is considered to be a very powerful alternative of fossil fuels. Even then why is it not being used on a much larger scale?
Ans: Because of the following reasons: It is difficult to set up nuclear power plants and also a lot of money has to be spent on safety of the nuclear power plants. Moreover the nuclear waste produced from plants can be hazardous.
3. What are the limitations of using natural gas for meeting our energy requirements?
Ans: Limitations of using natural gas for meeting our energy requirements: Stock of natural gas is limited and it cannot be replenished. Use of natural gas can cause unpleasant smells in the area.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 12.3
1. Name any one alternative source of energy which you would like to use in your home. Justify your answer.
Ans: Solar energy. Because it is free and easily available in the area in which we live. It can be used for cooking, water heating and also for keeping our home warm in winter.
2. Biofuel is considered to be a good fuel. Why is it not being used on a mass scale to replace the fossil fuels in our country?
Ans: (i) The bio-fuel is not as energy efficient as petrol.
(ii) The main ingredient of bio-fuel i.e. methane is harmful to the environment.
(iii) Bio-fuel is a relatively expensive source for generating energy, both in terms of producing the biomass and converting it to ethanol.
3. List any five traditional uses of solar energy.
Ans: Five traditional uses of solar energy are mentioned below:
(i) Drying of clothes.
(ii) Heating of water.
(iii)Drying crops.
(iv) Breeding and raising chicks.
(v) Drying manure.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 12.4
1. What are the steps that you can and should take for saving energy at home or in the office?
Ans: Steps for saving energy.
(i) Switch off lights, fans and other appliances when not in use.
(ii) Water taps should not be left open.
(iii) While cooking vegetables the vessel should remain covered.
(iv) For cooking, only the required quantity of water should be used.
(v) Soak pulses in water for some time before cooking, using more efficient appliances.
(vi) use public transport in place of your own vehicle to save fuel.
(vii) Share automobiles rides to the office, instead of driving alone to the office.
2. List at least three reasons behind the energy crisis in our country.
Ans: Reasons behind the energy crisis in our country.
(i) Our over-dependence on limited and exhaustible sources of energy such as our coal and oil deposits.
(ii) Increasing gap in the demand and supply of the energy.
Ever increasing prices of the energy and fuel from other countries.
Reluctance in using alternative and renewable sources of energy, such as solar, wind, bio-energy, etc.
Overuse and misuse of the available sources of energy
3. What do you mean by the statement that ‘energy can neither be created nor destroyed?
Ans: The statement ‘energy can neither be created nor be destroyed’ means that energy the total energy remains constant. It can only be transformed from one form of energy in to another.
| TERMINAL EXERCISE |
1. What are different forms of energy?
Ans: The different types of energy include thermal energy, radiant energy, chemical energy, nuclear energy, electrical energy, motion energy, sound energy, elastic energy and gravitational energy.
2. Distinguish between conventional and non-conventional sources of energy.
Ans: The conventional sources of energy are the energy which present in limited numbers and the non conventional energy that is present in unlimited amounts. The pollution is also low in non conventional sources of energy.
3. What are conventional sources of energy? Give two examples.
Ans: Conventional sources of energy examples are coal, fossil fuels, petroleum, and others. Examples for non- conventional sources include solar, wind, tidal, geothermal, and others.
4. Why non-conventional sources of energy are preferred over the conventional sources?
Ans: Non-conventional resources are renewable, have minimal environmental impact, and are the best option to conserve natural resources. Solar, wind, geothermal, and hydroelectric power are examples of non-conventional resources that are clean and do not produce greenhouse gases or other pollutants.
5. “Sun is the ultimate source of energy”. Justify this statement.
Ans: Sun is the source of almost all the energies in our earth. Plants make food using sunlight, the food that we get from plants and animals also has its prime source as sunlight. The fossil fuels that we use in our daily life comes from dead plants and animals which again have their source as solar energy.
6. List some uses of nuclear energy.
Ans: Some uses of nuclear energy are mentioned below:
(i) Space Exploration. A great deal of what we know about deep space has been made possible by radioisotope power systems (RPSs).
(ii) Nuclear Energy. Nuclear provides nearly 20% of our electricity in the United States.
(iii) Medical Diagnosis and Treatment.
(iv) Criminal Investigation.
(iv) Agriculture.
7. What are the hazards of producing nuclear energy?
Ans: Nuclear energy produces radioactive waste These materials can remain radioactive and dangerous to human health for thousands of years. Radioactive wastes are subject to special regulations that govern their handling, transportation, storage, and disposal to protect human health and the environment.
8. What do you mean by the energy crisis? List out the possible reasons.
Ans: The energy crisis is very common in this high demanding society as for the production of electricity we need a source of energy. This crisis is very vulnerable as this crisis made the disruption in the supply demand. Increasing population.
(i) Excessive use of non-renewable sources of energy.
(ii) Use of less fuel-efficient machines.
(iii) The affluent lifestyle of the people.
9. What measures should be taken to mitigate the problem of the energy crisis in our country?
Ans: For the mitigation of the energy in our country there is various step must be followed like the taking necessary steps toward the management team, the possibility of installing the electric tower, installing more hydroelectric or other power station according to demand. India has vast potential for renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydro. The government should encourage the development of renewable energy projects through incentives and subsidies.
10. Why should we save energy?
Ans: As we know the most of our us’s energy is made by the non-renewable energy sources and this sources also present in limited number in our society. As well as the installation charge of renewable energy sources is highly expensive.
