NIOS Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 6 The Solid State

NIOS Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 6 The Solid State Solutions English Medium As Per New Syllabus to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters NIOS Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 6 The Solid State Notes in English and select need one. NIOS Class 12 Chemistry Solutions English Medium Download PDF. NIOS Study Material of Class 12 Chemistry Notes Paper Code: 313.

NIOS Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 6 The Solid State

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Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 12 Chemistry Notes, NIOS Senior Secondary Course Chemistry Solutions in English for All Chapter, You can practice these here.

Chapter: 6

Module – III: States of Matter

INTEXT QUESTIONS 6.1

(a) Differentiate between solid, liquid and gaseous state.

Ans: (i) Solids have definite shape and definite volume.

(ii) Liquids have indefinite shape but define volume.

(iii) Gases have indefinite shape and indefinite volume.

(b) How are solids classified on the basis of the intermolecular forces.

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Ans: Coulombic forces, dipole-dipole attractions, covalent bonding and metallic bonding.

(c) What is Steno’s law of constancy of interfacial angles?

Ans: Irrespective of the size and shape of the crystal of a substance, the interfacial angle between a pair of faces is always the same.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 6.2

(a) What is the difference between the square close packed and hexagonal close packed structures?

Ans: 

BasisSquare Close PackingHexagonal Close Packing
Arrangement of spheresRows are aligned one above the otherSpheres of one row fit into depressions of the previous row
Number of nearest neighbours (coordination number in 2D)46
Packing efficiencyLess efficientMore efficient
Shape formedSquare patternHexagonal pattern
Free spaceMore free spaceLess free space

(b) Which of the above two, is more efficient way of packing?

Ans: Hexagonal close packed.

(c) Clearly differentiate between, trigonal, tetrahedral and octahedral voids.

Ans: 

BasisTrigonal VoidTetrahedral VoidOctahedral Void
DimensionalityTwo-dimensionalThree-dimensionalThree-dimensional
ShapeTriangularTetrahedronOctahedron
Number of surrounding spheres346
How it is formedGap between three touching spheres in one layerFormed when a sphere occupies a trigonal void between two layersFormed when opposite trigonal voids overlap
Coordination number of particle occupying it46
ExampleSeen in a single HCP layerBetween two close-packed layersBetween two close-packed layers

INTEXT QUESTIONS 6.3

(a) What do you understand by crystal lattice?

Ans: A crystal lattice is the ordered three-dimensional arrangement of points in space, where each point represents the position of a constituent particle (atom, ion, or molecule) of a crystal.

(b) What is a unit cell?

Ans: A unit cell is a smallest selected group of points in a crystal lattice which, when repeated in three dimensions, generates the entire crystal lattice.

A unit cell is characterized by three edges (a, b, c) of the lattice and the angles (α, β, γ) between them.

(c) How many atoms are there in a fcc unit cell?

Ans: Four.

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