Class 11 Sociology Important Chapter 9 Introducing western Sociologists

Class 11 Sociology Important Chapter 9 Introducing western Sociologists Solutions English Medium As Per AHSEC New Syllabus to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters ASSEB Class 11 Sociology Important Solutions and select need one. AHSEC Class 11 Sociology Additional Notes English Medium Download PDF. HS 1st Year Sociology Important Solutions in English.

Class 11 Sociology Important Chapter 9 Introducing western Sociologists

Also, you can read the NCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) Book guidelines. Assam AHSEC Board Class 11 Sociology Additional Question Answer are part of All Subject Solutions. Here we have given HS 1st Year Sociology Important Notes in English for All Chapters, You can practice these here.

Introducing western Sociologists

Chapter: 9

PART – II : UNDERSTANDING SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS

IMPORTANT QUESTION AND ANSWER

Short Question and Answer:

1. What are the three social revolutions?

Ans: The three social revolutions are:

(i) Age of Enlightenment.

(ii) French Revolution.

(iii) Industrial Revolution.

2. What is a social event?

Ans: A social event is a part of social reality related to collective behavior and belief systems. These are not created by individuals, but they are binding and influence the behavior of individuals. Hence, it is called society.

3. According to Marx, what are the stages society has passed through?

Ans: According to Marx, the stages society has passed through are:

(i) Primitive Communism.

(ii) Slave System.

(iii) Feudalism.

(iv) Capitalism.

4. What does the Age of Enlightenment mean?

Ans: The Age of Enlightenment refers to a fundamental intellectual movement that began in Europe towards the end of the 17th century. Philosophers of the era attempted to see the world through a new lens, emphasizing reason, scientific inquiry, and individual thought. This period is known as the Age of Enlightenment.

5. According to Durkheim, how did the division of labor divide society?

Ans: Durkheim divided society into two parts based on the division of labor:

(i) Mechanical Society.

(ii) Organic Society.

6. What is Karl Marx’s main book and when was it published?

Ans: Karl Marx’s main book is Das Kapital, which was published in 1867.

7. Where and when did the Industrial Revolution take place?

Ans: The Industrial Revolution took place in England in the 18th century.

8. What is bureaucracy?

Ans: Bureaucracy is a powerful and scientifically organized administrative system where individuals perform their duties and responsibilities effectively.

9. What are the three ideals of the French Revolution?

Ans: The three ideals of the French Revolution are:

(i) Liberty.

(ii) Equality.

(iii) Fraternity.

10. Name three Western sociologists.

Ans: The three Western sociologists are:

(i) Karl Marx.

(ii) Emile Durkheim.

(iii) Max Weber.

Long Answer Questions:

1. What does the Enlightenment mean? What were its main characteristics?

Ans: The Enlightenment refers to an intellectual movement that emerged in Europe during the late 17th and early 18th centuries. This movement emphasized reason, scientific inquiry, and individual thought in areas like society, science, religion, and politics. It challenged traditional beliefs, superstitions, and religious authority, leading to the emergence of new perspectives.

The main characteristics of the Enlightenment included:

(i) Rationalism: The belief that all problems could be solved through reason.

(ii) Humanism: Placing humans at the center of the universe.

(iii) Scientific Thinking: The creation of knowledge through experimentation and observation.

(iv) Freedom of Thought: Giving individuals the right to make their own decisions, free from religious or political authority.

(v) Secularism: Separating politics and society from religious influence.

2. How did the French Revolution (1789) impact modern society and political thought?

Ans: The French Revolution of 1789 had a profound and lasting impact on modern society and political thought. Its main slogan was liberty, equality, and fraternity. It challenged the monarchic rule and fundamentally shifted the perspective of human rights across the world.

One of the important outcomes of the revolution was the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. This declaration granted equal rights to all citizens, regardless of birth, religion, or nationality. It rejected the idea of special privileges for the aristocracy and provided for civil liberties, freedom of speech, and equality before the law.

The revolution also reduced the power of the church and landowning elites, promoting the separation of religion and politics. It led to the abolition of feudal systems, oppressive taxation, and inhumane labor practices. Inspired by this revolution, democratic, secular, and equal rights-based societies evolved globally, marking the foundation for modern political science and sociology.