Class 11 Geography Important Chapter 22 Movement of Ocean Water

Class 11 Geography Important Chapter 22 Movement of Ocean Water Solutions English Medium As Per AHSEC New Syllabus to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters ASSEB Class 11 Geography Important Solutions and select need one. AHSEC Class 11 Elective Geography Additional Notes English Medium Download PDF. HS 1st Year Finance Important Solutions in English.

Class 11 Geography Important Chapter 22 Movement of Ocean Water

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Movement of Ocean Water

Chapter: 22

FIFTH UNIT : HYDROSPHERE

IMPORTANT QUESTION AND ANSWER

Answer The Following Questions:

1. What is tide?

Ans: The periodic rise and fall of the sea surface once or twice a day due to the gravitational pull of the Moon and the Sun is called a tide.

2. What is a wave?

Ans: A wave is a form of energy movement caused by the friction of wind over the sea surface, which transfers energy in a cyclic motion of water.

3. What do you mean by ocean current?

Ans: When a portion of the ocean water continuously flows in a definite path and direction, it is called an ocean current.

4. What is another name for the North Pacific Current?

Ans: Another name for the North Pacific Current is the Westerly Drift.

5. What is an oceanic current?

Ans: An oceanic current is a large mass of seawater that moves continuously like a vast river from a particular source toward a specific direction.

6. What is a surf?

Ans: When waves break near the coast, they create foam-covered water called surf.

7. In which part of Japan does the Kuroshio Current merge into the North Pacific Current?

Ans: The Kuroshio Current merges into the North Pacific Current off the eastern coast of Honshu Island in Japan.

8. What is another name for the Japan Current?

Ans: Another name for the Japan Current is the Kuroshio Current.

9. What is a spring tide?

Ans: When the Sun, Moon, and Earth are in a straight line—during full moon and new moon—the tides become very high. This is known as a spring tide.

10. What is wave period?

Ans: The time interval between the arrival of two successive wave crests or troughs at the same position is called the wave period.

Long Question & Answer:

1. What are ocean waves? Explain their formation and characteristics.

Ans: Ocean waves are energy waves generated on the surface of the sea due to the friction of wind. These waves transfer energy, not water mass, from one place to another. The main factors influencing wave formation are wind force, speed, and duration. Waves travel towards the coast and break upon reaching it, forming surf. The upper part of a wave is called the crest, and the lower part is called the trough. The vertical distance between them is the wave height, and the horizontal distance between two crests is the wavelength. The time between two successive crests is the wave period. The number of waves passing a point per second is called frequency. The size and power of waves depend on wind velocity and persistence.

2. Describe the types of tides and their usefulness.

Ans: Tides are natural periodic movements of seawater. 

They are mainly of two types:

(i) Spring Tide: Occurs during new moon and full moon when the Sun, Moon, and Earth are aligned, producing the highest tides.

(ii) Neap Tide: Occurs during the first and third quarters of the moon when the Sun and Moon are at right angles to Earth, producing lower tides.

Tides are useful because they help ships enter and leave ports easily, assist in ship maintenance during low tide, and remove sediments from river mouths. Additionally, some countries like Russia, France, China, and Canada use tidal energy to generate electricity.

3. What is an ocean current? Explain the causes behind its formation.

Ans: An ocean current is a continuous, directed movement of seawater flowing like a river in a particular direction. 

Its formation is influenced by several factors such as:

(i) Solar Heating: Sunlight warms surface water, making it expand and move to cooler regions.

(ii) Wind: Winds push the water and direct its flow.

(iii) Gravity: Water moves downward due to gravitational pull, causing circulation.

(iv) Earth’s Rotation (Coriolis Effect): Causes currents to move clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and anticlockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.

(v) Density, Temperature, and Salinity: Cold or saline water is denser and sinks, while warm water rises, causing vertical circulation.