NIOS Class 12 Geography Chapter 17 Agriculture and Food Security

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NIOS Class 12 Geography Chapter 17 Agriculture and Food Security

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Agriculture and Food Security

Chapter: 17

MODULE – 8: Economic Geography of India

INTEXT QUESTIONS 17.1 

1. In which percentage, agriculture contributes to the GDP of India? 

Ans: 18.1

2. Name any two types of raw materials used by agro-based industries.

Ans: Sugar, Jute, Cotton.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 17.2 

1. Write any two types of crops grown in wet farming? 

Ans: Rice, Jute, Sugarcane.

2. Give any two examples of crops which may be commercial in one region and may provide subsistence in another region? 

Ans: Wheat, Corn.

3. Name any two states where commercial agriculture is popular. 

Ans: Gujrat, Punjab, Haryana etc.

4. Write any two characteristics of subsistence farming.

Ans: (i) Farmer works with family.

(ii) Traditional methods are used.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 17.3 

1. Name two important fibre crops of India. 

Ans: Cotton, Jute.

2. Which state is the largest producer of Rice in India? 

Ans: West bengal.

3. Name two important sugarcane producing states in the country. 

Ans: U.P., Maharashtra, Tamilnadu.

4. Name a major coffee producing state of India.

Ans: Karnataka, Kerala.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 17.4 

1. Who is called the father of the green revolution? 

Ans: M.S. Swaminathan.

2. Write two key features of the green revolution. 

Ans: (i) Increase in Agriculture Production.

(ii) Increase in per Acre Yield.

3. In which five year plan the Intensive Marine Fisheries Programme? 

Ans: Five year plan.

4. Write any two environmental implications of the green revolution.

Ans: (i) Loss of Biodiversity.

(ii) Salization.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 17.5 

1. Name the organisation responsible for procuring and stocking food grains in India. 

Ans: Food Corporation of India.

2. Give any one example of cooperative organisation.

Ans: Amu.

TERMINAL QUESTIONS

1. What are the sustainability principles in food and agriculture?

Ans: The major sustainability principles are as follows:

(i) Preventing Loss of Biodiversity: Avoiding reliance on just a few high-yield varieties to prevent the “loss of many valuable genetic traits bred into traditional varieties”.

(ii)  Reducing Dependence on Non-renewable Resources: Moving away from high-intensity production that relies on fossil fuels for machinery and pesticides.

(iii) Soil and Water Conservation: Addressing issues like “Salinization” and “Decline in soil fertility” due to heavy chemical use, and the “Lowering of the Underground Water-Table” due to water-relishing crops,.

(iv) Diversification and Organic Farming: The text suggests that “Indian farmers should diversify their cropping pattern from cereals to high-value crops” which need less irrigation and that “organic farming is much in vogue today because it is practised without factory made chemicals… Hence, it does not affect the environment in a negative manner”.