SEBA Class 10 Social Science Important Chapter 2 Rise of Gandhi and the Freedom Movement of India

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SEBA Class 10 Social Science Important Chapter 2 Rise of Gandhi and the Freedom Movement of India

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Rise of Gandhi and the Freedom Movement of India

Chapter: 2

Part – I: History

IMPORTANT QUESTION ANSWER

VERY SHORT ANSWER

1. When did M.K. Gandhi begin his fight for Indians against the racist regime in South Africa? How old was he at that time?

Ans. In 1893; Twenty-four years old. 

2. Name the two foreign writers whose writings helped Mahatma Gandhi develop the concept of Satyagraha.

Ans. Tolstoy and Thoreau.

3. Which movement came to be known as Asahayog Andolan?

Ans. Non-cooperation movement of 1920-22. 

4. Which British commission to India came to be known as ‘All White Commission”?

Ans. Simon Commission.

5. Which day was observed as the “The Day of Deliverance’ by the Muslim League? Why? 

Ans. 2nd December 1939 because on this day, the Congress ministries in the provinces resigned.

6. Which event came to be considered as a ‘post-dated cheque on a crashing bank”? 

Ans. Offer of the Indian Union with Dominion Status for India by the Cripps Mission in March 1942. 

7. Name the women regiment of the Indian National Army. 

Ans. Rani Jhansi Regiment.

8. Which day was observed as ‘Direct Action Day’ by the Muslim League?

Ans. 16th August 1946.

9. Until which year Mahatma Gandhi was a supporter of the British Government? 

Ans. 1918.

10. Who announced to give Rupees one lakh a year for the maintenance of non-practicing lawyers? 

Ans. Seth Jamona Lal Bajaj.

11. What was the full name of Mahatma Gandhi? 

Ans. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi

12. Name the allied nations that promised India that, ‘democracy and self determination would be offered to India after the first world war if they support for their war effort.”

Ans. Britain, U.S. and France.

13. How did the Russian Revolution help the nationalist movement in India? 

Ans. The Russian Revolution made the Indians believe that ‘immense strength and energy reside in the common people’. 

14. When did Gandhi move to England to study law? 

Ans. In 1888.

15. Write the name of the organisation founded by Gandhi to fight discrimination against Indians in South Africa.

Ans. Natal Indian Congress. 

16. ‘Satyagraha’ is a combination of two words-‘satya’ and ‘agraha’. What does these words mean?

Ans. ‘Satya’ means truth and ‘agraha’ means adherence or holding fast. 

17. When did Gandhi return to India from South Africa?

Ans. In 1915. 

18. After returning to India from South Africa, Gandhi was successful in solving three local disputes. Can you name the places where these disputes took place?

Ans. In Champaran (North Bihar), in Kheda (Gujarat) and in Ahmedabad (Gujarat). 

19. What is Rowlatt Act?

Ans. The Rowlatt Act was passed by the British Government in 1919. This Act empowered the British to arrest any person without trial and conviction in a court of law.

20. Which movement did Gandhi start in 1919 to protest against the Rowlatt Act? 

Ans. The ‘Satyagraha’ or the Non-Violence movement.

21. On April 10, 1919, two popular leaders of Punjab were arrested and deported from Amritsar Can you name them? 

Ans. Dr. Satyapal and Dr. Kitchlew

22. Who gave orders for Jallianwala Bagh massacre? 

Ans. General Dyer.

23. Which law was proclaimed in Punjab after the Jallianwala Bagh massacre?

Ans. Martial law.

24. Who renounced his knighthood in protest against the Jallianwala Bagh massacre? 

Ans. Rabindranath Tagore.

25. What does the term ‘Khalifa’ mean? 

Ans. Spiritual head.

26. Under whose leadership was the Khilafat Movement formed?

Ans. Maulana Shaukat Ali and Mohammad Ali. 

27. What was the main object of the Khilafat Movement? 

Ans. To restore the Sultan of Turkey as Khalifa of Islam.

28. Which freedom movement of India was also known as ‘Asahayog Andolan”? 

Ans. Non-cooperation movement.

29. When did the Non-cooperation movement end? 

Ans. In 1922.

30. Write the names of three educational institutions set up by Indian National congress during the Non- cooperation movement.

Ans. Banaras Vidyapeeth, Kashi Vidyapeeth and the National Muslim University of Aligarh. 

31. How many ‘Charkhas’ were manufactured during the Non-cooperation movement? 

Ans. Twenty thousand ‘Charkhas’.

32. Why was the Tilak Swaraj Fund started? 

Ans. To raise finance for the Non-cooperation movement.

33. What was the significance of the Nagpur session of Congress held in December, 19207

Ans. In December 1920 at the Nagpur session of Indian National Congress, it was declared that ‘the object of the Indian National Congress is the attainment of Swaraj by the people of India by all legitimate and peaceful means”.

34. Why did the Indian National Congress boycott the Simon Commission?

Ans. Because it was an ‘all-white’ commission, i.c. no Indian was included in it.

35. Why was the Simon Commission formed?

Ans. To enquire into the working of the reforms introduced by the Government of India Act, 1919.

36. What was the Indian slogan against the Simon Commission?

Ans. ‘Go Back Simon’.

37. Name the freedom fighter who died after getting injured during the ‘Lathi Charge’ while protesting against Simon Commission.

Ans. Lala Lajpat Rai. 

38. When and where was complete independence declared as the chief goal of the Indians?

Ans. In Lahore session of the Congress held in 1929.

39. Why was Civil Disobedience Movement started?

Ans. To protest against the Simon Commission formed by the British Government. 

40. What was the significance of Calcutta session of Congress held in 1928?

Ans. The Calcutta session of Congress (1928) gave an ultimatum to the British government that a nationwide Civil Disobedience Movement would be started if India was not granted the ‘dominion status’.