NIOS Class 12 Geography Chapter 13 Natural Hazards and Disasters

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NIOS Class 12 Geography Chapter 13 Natural Hazards and Disasters

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Natural Hazards and Disasters

Chapter: 13

MODULE – 6: Physical Geography of India

INTEX QUESTIONS 13.1 

1. Death and destructions for infrastructures happen in-

(i) _________________ (ii) _____________

Ans: (i) natural  (ii) human made.

2. Disaster equation:

( ____________ + _________ +_________ ) = Disaster 

Ans: (Natural Hazard + Vulnerability Risk)/Capacity = Disaster 

3. Match the following:

Type of natural disaster	Source of natural disaster
(a) Meteorological	(i) Surface and sub surface water- fresh and saltwater
(b) Hydrological	(ii) Outer space material fall of materials and asteroids on earth
(c) Extra-terrestrial	(iii) Living organisms
(d) Biological	(iv) Short lived micro and meso atmospheric conditions
(e) Geophysical	(v) Long lived meso and macro atmospheric processes
(f) Climatological	(vi) Originate from Earth’s interior

Ans: 

Type of Natural Disaster	Source of Natural Disaster
(a) Meteorological	(iv) Short-lived micro and meso atmospheric conditions
(b) Hydrological	(i) Surface and sub-surface water (fresh and salt water)
(c) Extra-terrestrial	(ii) Outer space material – fall of meteors and asteroids on Earth
(d) Biological	(iii) Living organisms
(e) Geophysical	(vi) Originate from Earth’s interior
(f) Climatological	(v) Long-lived meso and macro atmospheric processes

4. True or false: 

(a) All disasters cause damage to property and loss of life. 

Ans: True.

(b) People are affected by hazards.

Ans: False.

(c) Hazards always become a disaster.

Ans: False.

(d) People enjoy during disaster. 

Ans: False.

INTEX QUESTIONS 13.2 

1. Name the types of floods: 

Ans: River, Flash and Coastal

2. Fill in the blanks: 

(a) Flood cause due to dam failure is because of ____ or _____ .

Ans: Earthquake or human induced.

(b) The moment of wind in cyclones is _____ in Northern hemisphere and _______ in Southern hemisphere. 

Ans: Anticlockwise, clockwise

(c) Droughts are called______ and _____ in Hindi .

Ans: Akal , Anavrishty.

(d) Droughts cause scarcity of _____ and _____

Ans: Food, water. 

3. Define landslide. 

Ans: The sleeping of masses of rocks, earth or debris downwards on the mountains lobes or banks of the rivers is called a landslide.

4. What is caused by underwater earthquakes? 

Ans: Tsunamis.

5. True and false:

(a) Calm center of a cyclone is called “eye” of the storm.

Ans: True.

(b) Heavy rainfall is one of major cause of flooding. 

Ans: True.

(c) It is easy to predict earthquakes. 

Ans: False.

(d) Chronic drought crown areas receive less than 75 cms of rainfall.

Ans: True.

(e) Shifting agriculture reduces landslides. 

Ans: False.

INTEX QUESTIONS 13.3 

1. Match the following: 

Disaster	Areas affected in percent
(i) Drought prone	(a) 58.6 % land area
(ii) Earthquake prone	(b) 8% land area
(iii) Floods prone	(c) 68% land area
(iv) Avalanche prone	(d) 15% land area
(v) Forest fire prone	(e) 12% land area

Ans: 

Disaster	Areas affected (in percent)
(i) Drought prone	(c) 68% land area
(ii) Earthquake prone	(a) 58.6% land area
(iii) Floods prone	(e) 12% land area
(iv) Avalanche prone	(b) 8% land area
(v) Forest fire prone	(d) 15% land area

2. East coast of India witness____ of total cyclones along Indian coast. 

Ans: 85%

3. At present _______ of the total land area of the country is assessed to be flood prone. 

Ans: 12%

4. Out of 640 districts ( 2011census) ______ districts in the country currently fall in the rain deficient category. 

Ans: 283 districts 

INTEXT QUESTIONS 13.4

1. Name any five disaster management activities. 

Ans: Disaster management activities includes:

(i) Prevention. 

(ii) Mitigation.

(iii) Preparedness.

(iv) Response and.

(v) Recovery. 

2. What are three stages of disasters. 

Ans: Three stages of disasters: 

(i) Pre- Disaster.

(ii) On- Disaster. 

(iii) Post- Disaster.