NIOS Class 12 Geography Chapter 12 Climate

NIOS Class 12 Geography Chapter 12 Climate Solutions English Medium As Per New Syllabus to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters NIOS Class 12 Geography Chapter 12 Climate Notes and select need one. NIOS Class 12 Geography Chapter 12 Climate Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Study Material of Class 12 Geography Paper Code 316.

NIOS Class 12 Geography Chapter 12 Climate

Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 12 Geography Solutions, NIOS Senior Secondary Course Geography Solutions for All Chapter, You can practice these here.

Climate

Chapter: 12

MODULE – 6: Physical Geography of India

INTEXT QUESTIONS 12.1

1. Name any three factors influencing the climate of India. 

Ans: Location and Latitudinal extent, distance from the sea, the northern mountain ranges.

2. Name the current appearing off the coast of Peru.

Ans: El Nino.

3. Fill in the blanks:

(i) The word ‘monsoon’ is derived from the Arabic word ____ .

Ans: Mousim.

(ii) The tropical cyclones form in ____ .

Ans: Bay of Bengal.

(iii) Stream is bifurcated by _____ .

Ans: Himalayas.

INTEX QUESTIONS 12.2 

Fill in the blanks: 

1. That traditional theory of the monsoon was criticized by the German meteorologist _____.

Ans: Flohn.

2. _____ is the major Rabi crop during winter. 

Ans: Wheat.

3. During summer, people wear ____ clothes, whereas ____ clothes are used in the winter.

Ans: Cotton, Woolen.

INTEX QUESTIONS 12.3 

1. Name the four seasons of India. 

Ans: (i) The cold weather season- December to February.

(ii) The hot weather season- March to May in the south and up to June In the north.

(iii) The advancing Southwest monsoon season- June to September. 

(iv) The retreating Southwest monsoon season- October and November.

2. What is the name of Pre monsoon showers in West Bengal and Assam? 

Ans: Kal Baisakhi.

3. Fill in the blanks: 

(i) The duration of the cold weather season is from _____ to _____. 

Ans: December to February.

(ii) The low pressure systems are called _____. 

Ans: Western disturbances.

(iii) _____ coast receives the maximum rainfall during October and November. 

Ans: Tamil Nadu coast.

INTEX QUESTIONS 12.4 

1. Fill in the blanks: 

(i) _____ gets the most rainfall in India. 

Ans: Mawsynram.

(ii) ____ and extreme western ____ receive less than 20 cm rainfall.

Ans: Jammu Kashmir, Western Rajasthan.

(iii) In India, rainfall distribution, particularly of the Southwest monsoon, is closely related to the _____ .

Ans: Relief.

TERMINAL QUESTIONS 

1. How do Western disturbances  influence the weather conditions of Northwest India? 

Ans: Western disturbances significantly influence the weather conditions of Northwest India, particularly during the winter and pre-monsoon seasons. These disturbances are extratropical storms originating from the Mediterranean region that bring precipitation to the northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent.

Winter Rainfall: Western disturbances are the primary source of winter rainfall in Northwest India, crucial for rabi crops like wheat and barley. This rainfall supports agriculture and replenishes soil moisture.

Snowfall: They deliver significant snowfall in the Himalayas, essential for glacier health and the perennial flow of rivers like the Indus and Ganges.

Temperature Regulation: Western disturbances moderate heatwaves, reducing summer heat intensity across Northwest and Central India. They also influence temperature patterns, often leading to cold waves.

Cloud Cover and Fog: These disturbances are associated with cloudy skies, warmer nights, and widespread fog.

2. Distinguish between: 

(i) The cold weather season and hot weather season.

Ans: 

Cold weather season	Hot weather season
It is characterized by low temperatures, cold winds, and dry weather.	It is marked by high temperatures, hot winds, and dry conditions.
It occurs from December to February in India.	It occurs from March to May in India.
It is influenced by Western Disturbances, bringing rainfall to Northwest India.	It leads to the formation of low-pressure systems and eventual onset of monsoons.

(ii) The Southwest and North East monsoons. 

Ans: 

Southwest monsoons	Northeast monsoons
It brings heavy rainfall to India from June to September.	It occurs from October to December, primarily affecting Southern India.
It originates from the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal.	It brings rainfall to Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, and parts of Kerala and Karnataka.
It is influenced by the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and cross-equatorial flow.	It originates from the Bay of Bengal, with winds blowing from the northeast.
It is crucial for India’s agriculture and water resources.	It is important for crops like rice, sugarcane and pulses in the region.