Class 12 Logic and Philosophy Important Chapter 6 Idealism: Subjective & Objective

Class 12 Logic and Philosophy Important Chapter 6 Idealism: Subjective & Objective Solutions English Medium As Per The New Syllabus to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters ASSEB Class 12 Logic and Philosophy Important Solutions in English and select need one. AHSEC Class 12 Logic and Philosophy Additional Notes Download PDF. HS 2nd Year Logic and Philosophy Additional Solutions.

Class 12 Logic and Philosophy Important Chapter 6 Idealism: Subjective & Objective

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Idealism: Subjective & Objective

Chapter: 6

IMPORTANT QUESTION AND ANSWER

Answer the Following Question:

1. What is Subjective Idealism?

Ans: Subjective Idealism is the view that objects of knowledge exist only in the mind and cannot exist independently of the mind. According to this view, reality is a collection of ideas, and the existence of objects depends on their being perceived.

2. Who is known as the first clear-cut Subjective Idealist?

Ans: George Berkeley is known as the first clear-cut Subjective Idealist in the modern period.

3. What is Berkeley’s famous slogan regarding existence?

Ans: Berkeley’s famous slogan is “Esse est percipii,” meaning “To be is to be perceived.”

4. What does Objective Idealism assert?

Ans: Objective Idealism asserts that reality is made up of ideas and that these ideas exist independently of individual minds, often tied to a universal mind or consciousness.

5. What is the difference between primary and secondary qualities according to Locke?

Ans: Primary qualities are mind-independent, such as extension and motion, while secondary qualities are mind-dependent, like color and taste.

6. What is the main contribution of Hegel to Objective Idealism?

Ans: Hegel’s contribution to Objective Idealism is the idea that the Absolute Idea or Mind is the ultimate reality, and all finite ideas are manifestations of this Absolute. The Absolute manifests itself through the diversity of the world.

7. What is the criticism of Berkeley’s Subjective Idealism?

Ans: The main criticism is that Subjective Idealism leads to solipsism, where only the individual’s mind is real, and it cannot adequately explain the continuity of objects when they are unperceived by the mind.

8. What is the ‘Theory of Pre-established Harmony’ by Leibniz?

Ans: Leibniz’s Theory of Pre-established Harmony suggests that monads (simple substances) do not interact but are coordinated by God to act in harmony, ensuring the universe functions smoothly.

9. How does Locke’s Scientific Realism differ from Berkeley’s Subjective Idealism?

Ans: Locke’s Scientific Realism asserts that the external world exists independently of the mind, while Berkeley’s Subjective Idealism holds that the existence of objects depends entirely on being perceived by a mind.

10. What is the role of God in Berkeley’s later phase of Idealism?

Ans: In Berkeley’s later phase of Idealism, God is introduced as the infinite mind that perceives all things, ensuring the continuity and unity of the world even when finite minds do not perceive certain objects.

Fill in the Blanks:

1. ________ is known as the first clear-cut Subjective Idealist in the modern period.

Ans: George Berkeley.

2. According to Locke, primary qualities are ________ of the mind.

Ans: Independent.

3. The slogan “To be is to be perceived” is associated with ________.

Ans: George Berkeley.

4. Hegel’s Objective Idealism asserts that the ultimate reality is the ________.

Ans: Absolute Idea.

5. According to Berkeley, the existence of a thing consists in its ________.

Ans: Being perceived.