SEBA Class 7 Science Chapter 12 Earth Moon and The Sun

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SEBA Class 7 Science Chapter 12 Earth Moon and The Sun

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Earth Moon and The Sun

Chapter: 12

PART – II

EXERCISES

1. Fill in the blanks-

(i) The Earth rotates from ___________ direction to __________ direction.

Ans: West to East.

(ii) The movement of an object around another object is called the ___________.

Ans: Revolution.

(iii) The imaginary line on which the Earth rotates is called ____________.

Ans: Axis.

2. State whether true or false:

(i) Rotation refers to an object spinning around its own axis. (True/False)

Ans: True.

(ii) The Earth’s axis of rotation is upright with respect to the orbit. (True/False)

Ans: False.

(iii) Solar eclipse happens in every year. (True/False)

Ans: False.

(iv) A “diamond ring” is seen after a lunar eclipse. (True/False)

Ans: False

3. Jonaki notices a group of stars at the midnight in the winter solstice. Will she notice the same group of stars at midnight in the winter solstice next year on the same day?

Ans: Yes, she will notice the same group of stars. This is because the Earth completes one full revolution around the Sun every 365 ¼ days. After exactly one year, the Earth returns to the same position in its orbit, meaning it will be facing the same part of space at midnight on that specific day.

4. Why do you think eclipses move eastward even though the Earth rotates from West to East?

Ans: The sources confirm that the Earth rotates from West to East, which typically makes celestial objects like the Sun and stars appear to move from East to West. However, the sources do not explicitly explain why the path of an eclipse moves eastward. Note: Information from outside the sources indicates this happens because the Moon also orbits the Earth from West to East. The Moon’s orbital speed is faster than the speed at which the Earth’s rotation moves a specific point on its surface, causing the Moon’s shadow to progress eastward across the Earth.

5. What differences would happen if the Earth was not tilted on its axis?

Ans: If the Earth’s axis were not tilted, there would be no seasons. The tilt of 23.5° is what causes different parts of the Earth to receive varying amounts of sunlight throughout the year. Without this tilt, the amount of sunlight reaching any given location would remain constant, and we would not experience the change from summer to winter.

6. A friend says, “Solar eclipses occur during New Moon. Then why don’t eclipses occur every New Moon?” How would you respond to him using your understanding from the chapter?

Ans: While a solar eclipse can only occur during the New Moon phase, it does not happen every month because the Moon’s orbit is tilted by about 5 degrees relative to the Earth’s orbit around the Sun. This tilt usually causes the Moon’s shadow to pass above or below the Earth, preventing an eclipse from occurring unless the Sun, Moon, and Earth are perfectly aligned.

7. Darken the circle of the correct answer:

(i) In which phase of the Moon, does a solar eclipse occur?

(a) New Moon.

(b) Full Moon.

(c) First quarter.

(d) Last quarter.

Ans: (a) New Moon.

(ii) What is the order of the Sun, Earth and Moon during a solar eclipse?

(a) Earth →Sun →Moon.

(b) Sun → Moon →Earth.

(c) Earth →Moon → Sun.

(d) Moon →Sun → Earth.

Ans: (b) Sun →Moon →Earth.

(iii) One morning, Madhurjya was talking with his cousin who was in United States of America (USA), his cousin was about to sleep as it was night-time there. What is the main reason behind this time difference?

(a) The USA is farther from the Sun.

(b) The Moon blocks sunlight from reaching the USA.

(c) The Earth’s revolution causes day and night.

(d) The Earth’s rotation causes different areas to face the Sun at different times.

Ans: (d) The Earth’s rotation causes different areas to face the Sun at different times.

(iv) Teacher asked ‘Why the places near the Poles experience long days in summer and long nights in winter? Four students answered. Who do you think answered correctly?

(a) The Sun moves closer to the Poles in Summer.

(b) The Sun moves farther from the Poles during winter.

(c) The Earth spins on its axis near the Poles.

(d) The tilt of Earth’s axis affects sunlight during revolution.

Ans: (d) The tilt of Earth’s axis affects sunlight during revolution.