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Class 12 Agriculture Dairy Farmer Chapter 1 Conservation of Forages
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Conservation of Forages
Chapter: 1
| SESSION 1: FODDER CROPS AND THEIR HARVESTING |
| Check Your Progress |
A. Multiple Choice Questions:
1. The Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute is located in ____________.
(a) New Delhi.
(b) Kolkata.
(c) Jhansi.
(d) Bareilly.
Ans: (c) Jhansi.
2. _______________ is a Kharif fodder.
(a) Berseem.
(b) Maize.
(c) Barley.
(d) Oat.
Ans: (b) Maize.
3. __________ is considered as a Rabi fodder.
(a) Berseem.
(b) Maize.
(c) Cowpea.
(d) Sorghum.
Ans: (a) Berseem.
4. _______________ is a leguminous fodder.
(a) Sorghum.
(b) Mustard.
(c) Lucerne.
(d) Maize.
Ans: (c) Lucerne.
5. Which of these purposes does harvesting of fodder serve?
(a) Provides optimum nutrients to animals.
(b) Facilitates increased biomass yield from a field.
(c) Provides green fodder to animals.
(d) All of the above.
Ans: (d) All of the above.
B. Fill in the Blanks:
1. The scientific name of sorghum is ________________.
Ans: Sorghum bicolar.
2. Sorghum must not be harvested at an early stage because of the presence of anti-nutritional factors like ________________.
Ans: Dhurrin.
3. The usual harvesting time for maize is ________________ days after sowing when the plants are in the milk stage.
Ans: 60–70
4. The scientific name of lucerne is ________________.
Ans: Medicago sativa.
5. ________________ is a leguminous fodder grown in the Kharif season.
Ans: Cowpea.
C. Mark ‘True’ or ‘False’:
1. Fodder crops are the essential and cheapest source of feed for ruminants.
Ans: True.
2. Leguminous fodder crops contain high protein content.
Ans: True.
3. As a plant grows, biomass yield increases.
Ans: True.
4. Year-round fodder production facilitates storage of fodder.
Ans: False.
5. As a plant matures, its protein content decreases rapidly.
Ans: True.
D. Match the Columns:
| A | B |
| 1. Berseem | (a) Vigna sinensis |
| 2. Lucerne | (b) Sorghum bicolar |
| 3. Cowpea | (c) Hordeum vulgare |
| 4. Sorghum | (d) Trifolium alexandrinum |
| 5. Barley | (e) Medicago sativa |
Ans:
| A | B |
| 1. Berseem | (d) Trifolium alexandrinum |
| 2. Lucerne | (e) Medicago sativa |
| 3. Cowpea | (a) Vigna sinensis |
| 4. Sorghum | (b) Sorghum bicolar |
| 5. Barley | (c) Hordeum vulgare |
E. Crossword:
| 1R | 2B | ||||||
| 3K | H | ||||||
| 4B | A | R | I | F | |||
| 5C | W | A | |||||
| Y | |||||||
| T |
Across:
1. Fodder crop is cultivated in winter season.
Ans: Rabi.
3. Fodder crop is cultivated in rainy season.
Ans: Kharif.
4. Scientific name of the fodder is Pennisetum typhoides.
Ans: Bajra.
5. Leguminous fodder crop in Kharif season.
Ans: Cowpea.
Down:
2. Non-leguminous fodder grown in the Rabi season.
Ans: Barley.
| SESSION 2: METHODS OF CONSERVATION OF FORAGES AND ASSESSING THEIR QUALITY |
| Check Your Progress |
A. Multiple Choice Questions:
1. Dry matter content of silage must preferably be _________ per cent.
(a) 10
(b) 15
(c) 20
(d) 30
Ans: (d) 30
2. Fodder is not the primary feed for which animal?
(a) Cow.
(b) Buffalo.
(c) Pig.
(d) Goat.
Ans: (c) Pig.
3. ___________ is also known as ‘pickled grass’.
(a) Hay.
(b) Silage.
(c) Dry fodder.
(d) None of the above.
Ans: (b) Silage.
4. The smell of good quality silage is due to the presence of ___________.
(a) Butyric acid.
(b) Acetic acid.
(c) Propionic acid.
(d) None of the above.
Ans: (a) Butyric acid.
5. ___________ is not, generally, required for conservation of forages.
(a) Sickle.
(b) Baler.
(c) Chaff cutter.
(d) Rotavator.
Ans: (d) Rotavator.
B. Fill in the Blanks:
1. __________ stem crops are suitable for haymaking.
Ans: Hollow.
2. Dry matter content of stored hay preferably needs to be about __________ per cent.
Ans: 85
3. After _________ days of sealing of silo, silage will be ready to feed animals.
Ans: 60 to 70.
4. Good quality silage is ___________ in colour.
Ans: Greenish yellow.
5. Good quality hay is ___________ or in colour.
Ans: Yellow, green.
C. Mark ‘True’ or ‘False’:
1. Hollow stem crops are suitable for silage making.
Ans: False.
2. Silage is prepared under aerobic conditions.
Ans: False.
3. A baler is used to prepare hay.
Ans: True.
4. Fire hazard is a problem of silage.
Ans: False.
5. Brown or black colour hay indicates it is of poor quality.
Ans: True.
D. Match the Columns:
| A | B |
| 1. Mower | (a) For turning, tedding, loading and stacking of fodder |
| 2. Wooden or metal forks | (b) Transportation of fodder |
| 3. Tractor | (c) To compress and compact hay into bales |
| 4. Baler | (d) To chaff fodder into small pieces |
| 5. Chaff cutter | (e) To cut fodder and leave them in a swath |
Ans:
| A | B |
| 1. Mower | (e) To cut fodder and leave them in a swath |
| 2. Wooden or metal forks | (a) For turning, tedding, loading and stacking of fodder |
| 3. Tractor | (b) Transportation of fodder |
| 4. Baler | (c) To compress and compact hay into bales |
| 5. Chaff cutter | (d) To chaff fodder into small pieces |
E. Crossword:
| 1B | A | L | E | |||
| 2C | U | R | N | G | ||
| T | ||||||
| Y | ||||||
| 3G | E | N | ||||
| 4S | I | |||||
| I | L | E |
Across:
1. Hay can be stored in this form.
Ans: Baled.
2. This is the process of drying fodder up to appropriate moisture content of about 15 to 20 per cent for haymaking.
Ans: Curing.
3. This is the colour of good quality silage.
Ans: Green.
4. It is a simple harvesting tool used manually and consists of metallic blade (plain or serrated) and a wooden handle.
Ans: Sickle.
Down:
1. Smell of good quality silage is due to this acid.
Ans: Butyric.
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