NIOS Class 12 Psychology Chapter 23 Mental Health Problems

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NIOS Class 12 Psychology Chapter 23 Mental Health Problems

Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 12 Psychology Notes, NIOS Senior Secondary Course Psychology Solutions in English for All Chapter, You can practice these here.

Mental Health Problems

Chapter: 23

PART – II

Module – 6: Health and Well-being

INTEXT QUESTIONS 23.1

1. What do you understand by the mental health?

Ans: Mental Health is a state of balance between the individual and the surrounding world, a state of harmony between oneself and others, a co-existence between the realities of the self and that of other people and the environment.

2. State common signs of Poor Mental Health.

Ans: Some common signs of poor mental health are using Substance use, Poor concentration, Worrying more, Finding it hard to make decisions, Feeling less interested in day-to-day activities, Low mood, Feeling overwhelmed by things, Tearfulness etc.

State true or false:

(a) Mentally health person is able to solve his problems largely by his own effort and makes his own decisions. [True/False]

Ans: True.

(b) Individuals with Poor Mental health are able to adapt easily in social situations. [True/False]

Ans: False.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 23.2

1. Enumerate predisposing factors leading to poor mental health.

Ans: Predisposing factors:

(i) Genetic make up.

(ii) Physical damage to the central nervous system.

(iii) Adverse psychosocial influence.

2. Enumerate psychological factors leading to mental illnesses?

Ans: Personality type, Interpersonal relationship, childhood issues and social problems.

3. What are social factors affecting mental health of person?

Ans: Poverty, unemployment, injustice, insecurity, migration, urbanization ,alcoholism, gambling, multiple sexual partner, broken homes, divorce, very big family, religion, traditions, political turmoil.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 23.3

1. What are the type of mood disorder?

Ans: The type of mood disorder are: Depression and Bipolar disorder.

2. What are different types of anxiety disorder?

Ans: The different types of anxiety disorder are: Generalized anxiety disorder, Panic disorder and Phobia.

3. What are different types of phobia?

Ans: The different types of disorder are: Specific phobia, social phobia and agoraphobia.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 23.4

1. Explain different steps of treating mental disorder?

Ans: Phases of Therapy:

(i) Preparation of Case History: Collecting detailed information about the person’s background, symptoms, problems, and relevant personal history.

(ii) Determination of the Problem: Identifying and understanding the main psychological problem or mental disorder faced by the individual.

(iii) Therapeutic Session: Providing appropriate therapy and counselling to help the individual understand and manage the problem.

(iv) Termination of Therapeutic Intervention: Ending the therapy when the individual has made sufficient progress and is able to manage the problem effectively.

TERMINAL EXERCISES

1. Define Mental Health.

Ans: Mental health is defined as a state of balance between an individual and the surrounding world, fostering harmony between oneself and others, as well as co-existence between personal realities and the environment. World Health Organization (WHO) defines it as a state of well-being in which an individual realizes their own abilities, copes with normal life stresses, works productively, and contributes to their community.

2. Explain various characteristics of a Mentally Healthy Person.

Ans: A mentally healthy individual exhibits the following traits:

(i) Ability to make adjustments in changing environments.

(ii) Strong sense of personal worth, feeling worthwhile and important.

(iii) Solves personal problems largely through their own effort and independent decision-making.

(iv) Possesses personal security and displays empathy toward others’ motives and challenges.

(v) Accepts responsibility and is capable of giving and receiving love.

(vi) Lives grounded in reality rather than fantasy.

3. Briefly discuss the Mental Disorders and their treatment.

Ans: Mental Disorders: Clinically significant conditions marked by alterations in thinking, mood, or behavior that cause distress and impaired daily functioning. Examples include mood disorders (depression, bipolar disorder) and anxiety disorders.

Treatment Process: Treatment involves systematic psychotherapeutic interventions structured in phases: preparing a case history, determining specific problems through clinical testing/interviews, carrying out therapeutic sessions, and planned termination.

4. Enumerate some effective strategies for maintaining Health and Well Being.

Ans: Effective promotion strategies recommended by WHO include:

Early Childhood Interventions: Providing stable, supportive, and emotionally stimulating environments for developing children.

Empowerment of Women: Eliminating discrimination and supporting education and economic independence.

Social Support for Elderly: Establishing community programs for aging populations.

Targeted Programs for Vulnerable Groups: Mental health promotion tailored for marginalized groups, minorities, and disaster affected populations.

5. Identify the various factors that can lead to Poor Mental Health.

Ans: Factors causing mental illness are classified into three temporal categories:

Predisposing Factors: Genetic susceptibility, Central Nervous System damage, or adverse early psychosocial environments.

Precipitating Factors: Immediate stressors prior to onset, such as severe physical or psychosocial stress.

Perpetuating Factors: Ongoing issues like poverty, social isolation, or continuous family conflict that prolong the illness.