NIOS Class 12 Psychology Chapter 24 Psychology For Holistic Development

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NIOS Class 12 Psychology Chapter 24 Psychology For Holistic Development

Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 12 Psychology Notes, NIOS Senior Secondary Course Psychology Solutions in English for All Chapter, You can practice these here.

Psychology For Holistic Development

Chapter: 24

PART – II

Module – 6: Health and Well-being

INTEXT QUESTIONS 24.1

1. Explain the importance of Resilience.

Ans: Resilience is an essential quality for emotional wellness as it enables individuals to cope with and bounce back from difficult situations or challenges. Life is full of ups and downs, and everyone experiences setbacks and hardships at some point in their lives. Resilience is the ability to adapt to such challenges, maintain a positive attitude, and recover from adversity

2. Elaborate on the components of Holistic Development.

Ans: Physiological- This attribute include the sensory organs (five sense organs- skin, ear, nose, tongue and eyes).

Cognitive- The intellectual functions of the mind: thinking, recognizing, reasoning, analysing, projecting, synthesizing, recalling, and assessing.

Psychological- This component depicts how thinking, feeling, and behaving interact and happen in a person.

Social- The manner by which an individual interacts with other individuals or groups of individuals.

Spiritual- The attribute of a person’s consciousness and beliefs, including the values and virtues that guide and put meaning into a person’s life.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 24.2

True and False:

1. According to psychologists, happiness is only about experiencing positive moods. [True/False]

Ans: False. Psychologists refer to happiness as subjective well-being, which encompasses both cognitive judgments of satisfaction and affective appraisals of moods and emotions.

2. Process/activity theories suggest that happiness can be improved by engaging in activities that are challenging and require effort. [True/False]

Ans: True. Process/activity theories argue that engaging in activities that are challenging and require effort can improve well-being.

3. According to Norrish & Vella-Brodrick (2008), attempting to enhance happiness is pointless because happiness levels are predetermined and stable over time. [True/False]

Ans: True. Norrish & Vella-Brodrick (2008) claimed that attempting to enhance happiness is pointless because happiness levels are predetermined and stable over time.

TERMINAL EXERCISES

1. Explain about Holistic Development.

Ans: Holistic development refers to the overall development of an individual, encompassing physical, mental, social, emotional, and spiritual growth. It is based on the system premise that an individual finds purpose and meaning in life through connections to the community, nature, and humanitarian values.

2. What are the factors affecting life satisfaction?

Ans: Life satisfaction is influenced by two major categories of factors:

(i) Personal Factors:

Satisfaction of Needs: Includes physiological needs (food, shelter), psychological needs (self-esteem, emotional stability), and social needs (family support, social participation).

Education: Cultivates good thinking, knowledge, and values, dispelling mental illusions.

Coping Abilities and Ego Identity.

(ii) Environmental Factors: Peaceful and congenial surroundings, good relationships with neighbors and colleagues, safe living places, and professional/occupational growth opportunities.

3. Describe the importance of Resilience.

Ans: Resilience is an essential quality for emotional wellness. It enables individuals to adapt well and “bounce back” when facing adversity, trauma, tragedy, or significant life stressors (such as financial or relationship problems). It helps maintain a positive outlook and recover from life’s hardships.

4. Explain the Strategies For Building Resilience.

Ans: Key factors and strategies associated with building resilience include:

(i) Developing caring and supportive relationships within and outside the family.

(ii) Cultivating a positive attitude and high self-esteem.

(iii) Developing the capacity to manage strong feelings and impulses.

(iv) Engaging in problem-solving and decisive action.

5. Describe certain ways to build Resilience.

Ans: Creating Connections: Building strong relationships by accepting help and support from family, friends, and community groups can provide emotional strength during difficult times. 

Dealing with Challenging Problems: Resilience can be strengthened by looking at difficult situations positively, finding practical solutions, and focusing on long-term possibilities instead of only the immediate crisis. 

Nurturing Positive Emotions: Practising gratitude, enjoying hobbies, spending time on activities we like, and staying physically active can promote positive emotions and help us cope better with stress.

6. Discuss the interventions for health and well-being.

Ans: Interventions for maintaining health and well-being include Diet & Lifestyle, which involves consuming a balanced diet and avoiding harmful substances such as alcohol or drugs. Regular Physical Exercise helps maintain physical health, reduce tension, and improve overall well-being. Developing Positive Emotions involves building physical, intellectual, social, and psychological resources through practices such as gratitude, listening to music, engaging in hobbies, and maintaining healthy social interactions.

7. How Can positive emotions be developed to improve an individual’s overall sense of resilience and ability to cope with day-to-day issues?

Ans: Positive emotions (amusement, hope, interest, joy, love, gratitude, pride) build psychological and physical resources that bolster resilience. 

They can be developed by:

Practicing daily gratitude.

Spending quality time with family, friends, children, or pets.

Engaging in enjoyable pastimes, listening to music, and exercising regularly.