NIOS Class 12 Painting Chapter 4 Sculpture of Indus Valley Civilization

NIOS Class 12 Painting Chapter 4 Sculpture of Indus Valley Civilization Solutions English Medium As Per New Syllabus. to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters NIOS Class 12 Painting Chapter 4 Sculpture of Indus Valley Civilization and select need one. NIOS Class 12 Painting Chapter 4 Sculpture of Indus Valley Civilization Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Study Material of Class 12 Painting Notes Paper 332.

NIOS Class 12 Painting Chapter 4 Sculpture of Indus Valley Civilization

Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 12 Painting English Medium Solutions, NIOS Senior Secondary Course Painting Solutions for All Chapter, You can practice these here.

Sculpture of Indus Valley Civilization

Chapter: 4

INTEXT QUESTIONS 4.1

1. What is the Priest Bust made of?

Ans: The priest- king bust is made of steatite.

2. Where was the Priest Bust found?

Ans: It was found at Mohenjodaro at the Garhi-wala-tila site.

3. What is the Priest wearing on his arm?

Ans: The priest is wearing an armband on his arm.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 4.2

1. Where is the figurine exhibited?

Ans: It is collected at the National Museum, New Delhi.

2. What is the medium of the Dancing Girl?

Ans: It is made of bronze.

3. Name the technique used for casting the dancing girl.

Ans: It was cast using the lost wax process of metal casting.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 4.3

A. Fill in the blanks:

1. The medium used for making the Mother Goddess figurine is ____________.

Ans: Terracotta.

2. The place of origin of the Mother Goddess figurine is ____________.

Ans: Mohenjodaro site.

TERMINAL QUESTIONS

1. Describe the technique and method used for Indus Valley Civilization sculptures.

Ans: The sculptors of the Indus Valley Civilization used different techniques based on the medium:

(i) Metal Sculptures: They were cast using the ‘lost wax process’. A wax figurine was made, covered with clay and cow dung, and heated to melt the wax and make the mould hollow. Melted metal was poured inside, and once cooled, the clay block was broken to reveal the figurine.

(ii) Terracotta Sculptures: These were made by hand. Facial features like eyes were added using clay pellets, and the nose was shaped by pinching the clay. Ornaments were stuck onto the figure. After drying, the figures were baked in a kiln, giving them a red colour, and sometimes they were polished.

(iii) Stone Sculptures: Soft stones like steatite were likely carved using sharp stone, bone, or tools made of copper and bronze.

2. Explain the theme of Indus Valley Civilization sculptures.

Ans: The themes revolve around everyday life, environs, and religious practices. They crafted human and animal figurines, toys, seals, coins, and jewellery. Some figures held religious or votive significance, such as the Priest Bust and the Mother Goddess idols, while others depicted realistic figures like the tribal “Dancing Girl”.

3. Describe the Priest Bust.

Ans: The Priest Bust is a 14.25 × 11 cm steatite sculpture found at Mohenjodaro. The figure has a trimmed beard, a shaven upper lip, half-closed eyes, straight eyebrows, and hair parted in the center, tied with a ribbon at the nape. He has a thick neck, squared shoulders, and wears a jewelled band on his forehead and an armband. A shawl adorned with a trefoil motif is draped over his left shoulder, indicating a noble or high socio-economic status.

4. Describe the Dancing Girl bronze.

Ans: The Dancing Girl is a 10.2 × 5 × 2.5 cm bronze figurine excavated from Mohenjodaro, cast using the lost wax process. She has a svelte torso, plump lips, flat nose, and curly hair arranged in a bun at the nape. Her dynamic posture—with her right hand on her hip, left knee thrust forward, and head tilted back—suggests she is taking a break during a dance performance.

5. What was the significance of the Mother Goddess figurines?

Ans: These figurines signify that the worship of a Mother Goddess was widespread in the Indus Valley Civilization. It shows the origin of a Goddess worship cult, possibly beginning from cultivators venerating the Earth Goddess for bounty, a practice that continues today with the worship of deities like Gramdevis, Shakti Devi, and Bhudevi.

6. What were the Mother Goddess figurines used for?

Ans: The figurines were used as votive idols in religious rituals. For example, a figurine excavated at Harappa features a fan-shaped turban flanked by two bowls, which have soot marks suggesting they were used as lamps or incense burners during worship.

7. Which other civilizations had similar Mother Goddess figurines?

Ans: Similar Mother Goddess worship and figurines were prevalent in other ancient civilizations, such as the Mesopotamian civilization.

8. How is the jewellery on the dancing girl’s left arm different from that on her right arm?

Ans: The dancing girl wears only two heavy bangles on her right arm, whereas her left arm is almost completely covered with bangles right up to the shoulder.

9. Write in your own words about the statue of the Dancing Girl.

Ans: The “Dancing Girl” is a masterpiece of Harappan metalwork, depicting a tribal woman with striking realism and feminine grace. Made using the lost wax technique, the figure is unadorned by clothes but wears a necklace with four elongated pendants and numerous bangles, primarily on her left arm. She is captured in a dynamic, thoughtful pose, with her hand resting on her hip and her head slightly tilted, giving the impression that she is resting between dance routines.