NIOS Class 12 Painting Chapter 14 Mural and Printing

NIOS Class 12 Painting Chapter 14 Mural and Printing Solutions English Medium As Per New Syllabus. to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters NIOS Class 12 Painting Chapter 14 Mural and Printing and select need one. NIOS Class 12 Painting Chapter 14 Mural and Printing Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Study Material of Class 12 Painting Notes Paper 332.

NIOS Class 12 Painting Chapter 14 Mural and Printing

Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 12 Painting English Medium Solutions, NIOS Senior Secondary Course Painting Solutions for All Chapter, You can practice these here.

Mural and Printing

Chapter: 14

INTEXT QUESTIONS 14.1

A. Choose the most appropriate option.

1. What is the total number of caves at Ajanta? 

(i) 30 caves 

(ii) 20 caves 

(iii) 10 caves 

(iv) 5 caves

Ans: (i) 30 caves.

2. What is the medium of the mural? 

(i) Wash 

(ii) Tempera 

(iii) Ink 

(iv) All of these

Ans: (ii) Tempera.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 14.2

1. What are printing blocks made of?

Ans: Blocks for printing are made with materials like wood, rubber, wax, soap etc.

2. How many times could a block use?

Ans: Depending on what they are made with, blocks could be used for years, and uniform copies could be created in large numbers.

3. In printing linocut, how many steps are involved in finishing the print?

Ans: The system of printing allows the images to be finished in one go.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 14.3

1. How does this technique make the creation of images easy?

Ans: This technique make the creation of images easy because the same block can be used for making several copies quickly.

2. Which vegetable is used for making blocks for printing letters/numerals?

Ans: Potato/ yam/ sweet potato is used for making blocks for printing letters/ numerals.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 14.4

1. Which parts of hand is used in the technique?

Ans: The thumb and fingers of the hand are used in this technique.

2. How is the colour applied in thumb print technique?

Ans: In this technique, colour is first applied to fingertips and then pressed onto the surface.

3. How is a brush or pen used in print technique?

Ans: In this technique, a brush or pen is used to finish the work.

TERMINAL QUESTIONS

1. Describe the different techniques and mediums of mural making.

Ans: A mural is any artwork painted or applied directly on a wall, ceiling, or other large permanent surfaces, and its chief mediums include fresco, tempera, oil colour, watercolour, engraving, and glass. Early techniques involved common people using natural colours and their palms or fingertips to create murals. In places like the Ajanta caves, craftsmen used a specific technique: they first created a rough rock surface with a chisel and hammer, applied a layer of earth mixed with rock-grit, sand, vegetable fibres, or paddy husk, followed by a second coat of mud mixed with fine rock powder and fibrous material. The surface was finished with a thin coat of lime wash before outlines were boldly drawn and filled with colours.

2. Why and how did printing come into existence?

Ans: Printing has its roots in folk art, where common people used rudimentary methods to decorate their walls, floors, terracotta ware, and even their bodies for certain rituals. They initially used natural colours with their palms and fingertips to make murals, and gradually started using vegetables, clay, stone, and wood to create blocks with elaborate designs. Over the ages, this evolved into textile-printing techniques using raised blocks, and was eventually developed to print documents and books.

3. Write in detail the different techniques of printing.

Ans: (i) Block Printing (including Linocut): Blocks are made from wood, rubber, wax, soap, or linoleum. The desired figure is carved or engraved on the surface with a knife, leaving the necessary parts raised. Colour/ink is spread on a flat surface, the block is pressed onto it, and then gently pressed onto a drawing sheet or fabric to create the imprint.

(ii) Printing with Vegetables: Vegetables are cut cross-section-wise to obtain decorative shapes and used as blocks. These blocks are dipped in wet colour and gently pressed onto the paper, making it easy to repeat similar, though not perfectly identical, shapes like floral patterns.

(iii) Printing with Fingers and Thumb: The tip of the finger, thumb, palm, or sole is smeared with colour and pressed onto a surface, leaving a textured image. The artist then uses a few pencil, pen, or brush strokes to turn these impressions into lively figures like birds or animals.

4. Explain the vegetables used for block printing.

Ans: Vegetables like okra (ladyfinger), capsicum (bell pepper), onion, and lotus stems are cut cross-section-wise to yield pretty floral shapes. Larger vegetables like potatoes, yams, or sweet potatoes can be cut length or cross-section-wise to create blocks for printing leaves, simple shapes, numerals, or letters.

5. List in detail the uses of printing.

Ans: Printing is used for a vast variety of purposes. Historically, it was used to decorate walls, floors, terracotta ware, and bodies for rituals. It developed into a method for textile printing to create fancy sheets and dress materials, as well as for printing books and documents. Today, block printing is widely used to make tasteful utility and decorative products such as greeting cards, gifts, stationery, paper bags, and lamp shades.

6. Why are letters/numerals carved in reverse?

Ans: When making blocks for letters and numerals, care must be taken to carve them as mirror images (in reverse) on the block so that when they are pressed onto the paper, the numerals or letters come out the right way in the print.

7. How is printing technique different from other technique?

Ans: Unlike painting, where an image is drawn individually each time, printing allows for a large number of uniform copies to be created in a very short time using the same block. Additionally, the system of block printing does not require the images to be finished separately; the impression creates the completed basic image instantly.

8. Which cave is the site of the Padmapani Bodhisattva?

Ans: The mural of the Padmapani Bodhisattva is located in Cave No. 1 of the Ajanta Caves in Aurangabad, Maharashtra.

9. How were the white, green and yellow colours made for this mural?

Ans: The Ajanta painters derived their limited range of colours from natural materials. White was obtained from lime, kaolin, or gypsum; green was obtained from terra verte; and yellow was obtained from yellow ochre.

10. Why is the particular figure named padmapani Bodhisattva?

Ans: The figure is named Padmapani because he is depicted holding a blue lotus blossom in his right hand. In Sanskrit, Padma means “lotus blossom” and Pani means “hand”.