NCERT Class 8 Vocational Education Chapter 2 Feeding and Caring for Farm Animals

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NCERT Class 8 Vocational Education Chapter 2 Feeding and Caring for Farm Animals

Also, you can read the NCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) Book guidelines. CBSE Class 8 Vocational Education Textual Solutions in English Medium are part of All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NCERT Class 8 Vocational Education Notes, CBSE Class 8 Vocational Education in Englishi Medium Textbook Solutions for All Chapters, You can practice these here.

Feeding and Caring for Farm Animals

Chapter: 2

Part 1 : Work with Life Forms

Intex Question

Page No: 37

1. The relationship between the farmer/animal owner and the animal is essential for its well-being. For example, does the animal recognise its owner? How does it react to the presence of the owner? 

Ans: Yes, animals generally recognise their owner. Cows respond to the farmer’s voice, goats follow him and poultry birds gather when called. This bond of trust keeps animals calm and improves their health and milk/meat production.

2. Does the farmer/animal owner have a specific name for the animals? What criteria were used for naming animals? How do they recognise individual animals? 

Ans: Yes, farmers often give their animals specific names like Gauri, Rani, or Moti to help identify and manage them, often choosing names based on an animal’s physical characteristics (like color), unique traits, or behavior.They recognise individual animals by their face, body shape, horn pattern, or behaviour, and the animals respond to their own names when called.The practice of naming animals fosters affection and builds a closer bond between the owner and the animals, which aids in their daily care.

3. What are the reasons for keeping animals on the farm (e.g., farm labour, dairy, wool)?

Ans: Farmers keep animals for food products (meat, milk, eggs, wool, hides), labor (plowing, carrying loads), and other resources like manure for soil fertility and transportation. Animals are kept for dairy (milk, ghee, curd), farm labour (ploughing fields, carrying loads), wool and fibre, meat or eggs, and even for manure (dung) used as organic fertiliser or bio-gas fuel.

4. Talk to a farmer/animal owner or your friends, and find a story about the relationship between a farmer/animal owner and the animal. You can also find any local poem or a folk song about farm animals.

Ans: Do yourself.

Page No: 39

1. What are the most common livestock in your locality? 

Ans: The most common livestock in my locality are cows, buffaloes, goats, and poultry birds such as hens and ducks.

2. List the important breeds of livestock in your locality. Try to find out whether they are indigenous or were brought from other places.

Ans: Do yourself.

3. Which fodder crops or food sources are used for livestock in your area (some examples are given in Table 2.3)?

Ans: Crops or food sources are used for livestock in my area: 

Animal	Food	Food availability
Cow	Green fodder: Maize, Napier, Berseem, Lucerne Dry fodder: Jowar, Bajra, Wheat, Paddy straw Concentrates (grains, oil cakes, bran) and Mineral supplements	Fodder grown on farms Feed from cooperatives Silage
Goat	Open grazing (grasses, weeds)	Stalled, semi-stalled, open grazing
Poultry birds	Food grain, (maize, wheat), poultry feed Protein: Soya meal, fish meal Kitchen waste and grains from home	From farms, local markets and household kitchen waste

Page No: 41

1. List the common infectious diseases that affect livestock. 

Ans: Common infectious diseases affecting livestock are:

(i) Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD): Fever, ulcers in mouth and hooves in cows, buffalos, goats, sheep.

(ii) Anthrax: Bacterial infection, can cause sudden death.

(iii) Rinderpest: Fever, mouth sores and diarrhoea in cows and buffalos.

(iv) Haemorrhagic Septicaemia (HS): Swelling in the throat and difficulty in breathing.

(v) Black Quarter/Blackleg: Muscle swelling and lameness.

(vi) Mastitis: Infection in the udder of dairy animals.

(vii) Peste des Petits Ruminants: Fever, mouth sores, diarrhoea in goats and sheep.

(viii) Avian Influenza (Bird Flu): Respiratory disease and sudden death in chickens.

2. List three major difficulties farmers face while vaccinating their livestock. 

Ans: List three major difficulties farmers face while vaccinating their livestock are:

(i) Animal Resistance and Handling Challenges: Animals often become frightened or aggressive during vaccination. Livestock animals can be difficult to handle and may resist injections, causing stress for both the animal and the farmer. Safely restraining these animals to administer a vaccine can be a significant hurdle, especially in remote areas or for smaller farms with fewer resources. 

(ii) Lack of Skilled Personnel and Infrastructure: In many villages, trained veterinary staff, proper vaccination equipment (syringes, cold storage), and clean facilities are limited. This makes correct dosing and safe administration challenging. This scarcity means farmers may not have access to the necessary expertise to administer vaccines correctly or even to get their animals vaccinated in the first place.

(iii) Poor Vaccine Supply and Delivery: Farmers often encounter difficulties due to the unavailability of vaccines or delays in their delivery and supply.  Vaccines may not always be available on time, may spoil due to improper cold chain maintenance, or may be too costly, leading to incomplete or delayed vaccination.

3. What are the other standard healthcare measures farmers take to protect their animals besides vaccination? 

Ans: Besides vaccination, farmers protect their animals by regularly deworming and controlling internal and external parasites, providing balanced nutrition with clean drinking water, and keeping animal sheds clean and dry to reduce germs and foot infections. Farmers also control parasites through deworming and using methods like neem oil, treat injuries with antiseptics, provide adequate shade, and facilitate exercise to boost immune systems.