Class 12 Economics Important Chapter 17 Infrastructure: Energy and Health Solutions English Medium As Per The New Syllabus to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters ASSEB Class 12 Economics Important Solutions in English and select need one. AHSEC Class 12 Economics Additional Notes Download PDF. HS 2nd Year Economics Additional Solutions.
Class 12 Economics Important Chapter 17 Infrastructure: Energy and Health
Also, you can read the NCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) Book guidelines. ASSEB Class 12 Economics Additional Question Answer are part of All Subject Solutions. Here we have given HS 2nd Year Economics Important Solutions English Medium for All Chapters, You can practice these here.
Infrastructure: Energy and Health
Chapter: 17
| PART – B: INDIAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT |
| IMPORTANT QUESTION AND ANSWER |
Short Questions and Answers:
1. What is meant by infrastructure in an economy?
Ans: The supporting structure of services (transport, power, banking, education, health, etc.) that enable production and distribution.
2. How does infrastructure differ from capital structure?
Ans: Capital structure is the stock of machines/factories; infrastructure is the service network that supports their use (e.g., transport of outputs).
3. Name the two broad types of infrastructure.
Ans: Economic infrastructure and social infrastructure.
4. Give any two components of economic infrastructure.
Ans: Transport, communication (also power, irrigation, banking/finance).
5. Give any two components of social infrastructure.
Ans: Education, health (also sanitation, housing, family welfare, research).
6. How does economic infrastructure support growth?
Ans: Directly, from inside the production system—raising productivity and lowering costs.
7. How does social infrastructure support growth?
Ans: Indirectly, by building human capital (educated, healthy workforce).
8. Why is energy called a “crucial input”?
Ans: It powers agriculture/industry and enables services/IT expansion, lifting overall output.
9. What are commercial energy sources?
Ans: Priced sources used mainly for production—coal, petroleum, natural gas, hydro power.
10. What are non-commercial energy sources?
Ans: Traditionally free/low-cost household fuels—firewood, agri waste, dried dung.
11. Distinguish conventional and non-conventional energy in one line.
Ans: Conventional = long-used (fossils, hydro, biomass); non-conventional = newer renewables (solar, wind, biogas, etc.).
12. State one major challenge in India’s power sector.
Ans: Inadequate generation (also low PLF, high T&D losses, fuel constraints, slow hydro/nuclear).
13. What are the three tiers of health care in India?
Ans: Primary (Sub-centres/PHCs), Secondary (CHCs/district hospitals), Tertiary (specialised hospitals/teaching institutes).
14. Give one reason public spending on health is vital despite private expansion.
Ans: To ensure affordable, equitable access (private care is costly/unregulated).
15. What does Global Burden of Disease (GBD) measure?
Ans: Premature mortality plus years lived with disability from diseases/conditions.
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