NIOS Class 12 Psychology Chapter 21 Pro Social Behavior

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NIOS Class 12 Psychology Chapter 21 Pro Social Behavior

Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 12 Psychology Notes, NIOS Senior Secondary Course Psychology Solutions in English for All Chapter, You can practice these here.

Pro Social Behavior

Chapter: 21

PART – II

Module – 5: Social Processes and Behavior

INTEXT QUESTIONS 21.1

State which of the following statements are ‘true’ and which are ‘false’:

1. In altruistic helping we expect something in return.

Ans: False.

2. Cooperation is important for maintaining social order.

Ans: True.

3. Blood donation is unhealthy.

Ans: False.

4. One should only help humans and not animals.

Ans: False.

5. Volunteering can help in choosing a career path.

Ans: True.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 21.2

Match the following: 

Column A	Column B
(i) Cutting Trees	1. Natural Resource Drain
(ii) Bursting Crackers	2. Water Crisis
(iii) Over Fishing	3. Deforestation
(iv) Leaving the tap running	4. Species Extinction
(v) Hunting/Poaching	5. Air Pollution

Ans: 

Column A	Column B
(i) Cutting Trees	3. Deforestation
(ii) Bursting Crackers	5. Air Pollution
(iii) Over Fishing	1. Natural Resource Drain
(iv) Leaving the tap running	2. Water Crisis
(v) Hunting/Poaching	4. Species Extinction

 Multiple Choice Questions: 

1. Global Warming is:

(a) Increase in temperature of Earth.

(b) Decrease in Temperature of Earth.

(c) No change in temperature of Earth.

(d) A healthy phenomenon.

Ans: (a) Increase in temperature of Earth.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 21.3

1. Outline two individual and social benefits of Pro social and Pro environment behavior.

Ans: Individual Benefits:

(i) Individuals who volunteer report higher life satisfaction and lower depression than those who do not volunteer.

(ii) Individuals who donate money to charity report higher levels of life satisfaction, than those who do not.

Social Benefits:

(iii) Individuals with larger and more widely used networks provide more positive life evaluations.

(iv) Communities with high social capital have been documented to recover more quickly from natural disasters, such as the Tokyo earthquake of 1923 and the 2004 tsunami in southern India.

TERMINAL EXERCISES

1. Define Prosocial Behaviour.

Ans: Prosocial behavior refers to a broad range of actions intended to benefit one or more people other than oneself, such as helping, comforting, sharing, and cooperation. It is a positive form of behavior that facilitates cooperation and cohesion in society.

2. Describe various forms of prosocial behaviour.

Ans: The six major forms of prosocial behavior:

(i) Helping: Assisting an individual to fulfill an instrumental need when completing goal-directed behavior.

(ii) Sharing: Offering, showing, or allowing use of an object/resource to fulfill another’s unmet material desire.

(iii) Comforting: Understanding and alleviating another person’s negative emotional state or distress.

(iv) Cooperating: Working together mutually to achieve shared goals rather than acting selfishly.

(v) Volunteering: Providing services altruistically without any personal gain or monetary reward.

(vi) Donating: Giving items like money, clothes, food, blood, or organs to ease the lives of those in need.

3. Can we develop pro social behaviour? If yes, how?

Ans: Yes, prosocial behavior can be developed as it is embedded in our value system. Ways to develop it include:

(i) Encouraging children through techniques like reinforcement.

(ii) Experiencing a ‘helper’s high’ (feeling accomplished after a good deed).

(iii) Teaching moral behaviors to peers and children.

(iv) Staying alert to activities around us to assist in emergencies.

(v) Realizing our personal responsibility to help strangers in need.

(vi) Being willing to take risks to help save others.

4. Why is there a need for pro-environment behaviours?

Ans: There is an urgent need for pro-environment behavior because saving the environment enhances human survival. Human activities are destroying nature at an unprecedented rate through climate change, deforestation, pollution, soil degradation, and species extinction, threatening food production and increasing natural disasters.