NIOS Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 27 Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

NIOS Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 27 Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids Solutions English Medium As Per New Syllabus to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters NIOS Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 27 Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids Notes in English and select need one. NIOS Class 12 Chemistry Solutions English Medium Download PDF. NIOS Study Material of Class 12 Chemistry Notes Paper Code: 313.

NIOS Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 27 Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 12 Chemistry Notes, NIOS Senior Secondary Course Chemistry Solutions in English for All Chapter, You can practice these here.

Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Chapter: 27

INTEXT QUESTIONS 27.1 

1. Classify the following as aldehydes or ketones and give their IUPAC names:

(i) CH₃CHO

Ans: Aldehyde, Ethanal.

(ii) CH₃COCH₂CH₃

Ans: ketone, Butan-2-one.

(iii) 

Ans: ketone, 1-Phenylethanone.

(iv) OHCCH₂CH₃

Ans: aldehyde, Propanal.

2. How will you prepare propanone from propyne?

Ans: Using hydration with Hg²⁺.H⁺.

3. Why are aldehydes more reactive than ketones towards nucleophilic addition reactions? 

Ans: Because they have one alkyl group whereas a ketone has two alkyl group. Hence, the carbonyl carbon in aldehydes is more positive.

Also, the two alkyl groups lead to more crowding in ketones.

4. Write the general structure for the following: 

(i) a cyanohydrin (ii) an acetal (iii) a hemiacetal.

Ans: 

5. 

Ans: By Wolff- Kirschner reduction or Clemmensen reduction.

6. What is an aldol? 

Ans: The product formed by the condensation of two aldehyde molecules having α-hydrogen atom. Aldol contains both an aldehyde and an alcohol functional group.

7. Write the equation for cannizzaro reaction using a suitable example.

Ans: 

INTEXT QUESTIONS 27.2 

1. Match the following compounds given in column I and their classes given in column II:

Ans:

2. Arrange the following acids in the increasing order of their solubility in water: 

CH₃COOH, CH₃(CH₂)₃COOH, p-ClC₆H₄COOH 

Ans: p – CIC₆H₄COOH < CH₃(CH₂)₃COOH < CH₃COOH

3. Which one of the following will be most acidic and why? 

Butanoic acid, 2-Chlorobutanoic acid, 3-Chlorobutanoic acid, 4- Chlorobutanoic acid.

Ans: 2-Chlorobutanoic acid, because of maximum –I effect of –Cl at 2 – position.

4. Give the products of the following reactions :

(i) 

Ans: HOOCCH₂CH₃.

(ii) 

Ans:

(iii) CH₃COOH + PCl₃ →

Ans: 3CH₃COCl + H₃PO₃

5. Why are carboxylic acids more acidic than alcohols?

Ans: Because of resonance stabilization of carboxylate anion. The alkoxide ion cannot stabilize by resonance.

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