Class 12 Education Chapter 2 Non-Formal Education The answer to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters SCERT Class 12 Sociology Class 12 Education Chapter 2 Non-Formal Education and select need one.
Class 12 Education Chapter 2 Non – Formal Education
Also, you can read the SCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per SCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of SCERT All Subject Solutions. Here we have given Assam Board/NCERT Class 12 Education Chapter 2 Non-Formal Education Solutions for All Subject, You can practice these here…
Questions for 2 mark each
1) What do you mean by Non – formal education ?
Ans:- Non formal education is organised, systematic, need based and goal directed education. It is conducted outside the formal system which is directed to meet the specific needs of various groups of persons.
According to J. P. Naik non – formal education differs from formal education in the sense that it takes place outside the formal school system. It also differ from incident education in that it is organized.
2) What is the role of the teacher in non – formal education ?
Ans:- The teacher – taught relationship avoids dominance. Thus in this system teacher and taught are partners in the learning process.
3) What is meant by Open ?
Ans:- Open means free, without any barrier . All times those students who are unable to get formal education can get education there.
4) What is Open education ?
Ans:- Dut to limitations of formal education a good number of people are deprived from education. Most of the people are under poverty, so they are not in a position to get education in time. In addition to them there are some disable families, illiterate gurdians, remote areas, communicationless areas, early marriages system and the people of conservative attitude. Economically backward people engage their children in work in early stage. Formal education system has no space to include them. To meet their demands open school system is established.
5) What is distance education ?
Ans:- According to Dohmen – Distance education means “A systematically organised form of self study in which student counselling, the presentation organised form of self study in which students success is carried out by a team of teachers, each of whom has responsibilities which can cover long distances.
6) Why correspondence education is known as Postal education ?
Ans:- Correspondence education is a system through which individual may complete a prescribed courses of study offered by an institution without attending to its classes. The educational transaction in this method is facilitated by the medium of print which is conducted with the help of postal system.Therefore are correspondence education is also known as Postal education.
7) Write about the origin of correspondence education.
Ans:- Correspondence education was first introduced by Issac Pitman in 1840. He provided his ‘short hand’ course to the students living at a distance places. In 1898, Hens Hermod published his first correspondence course on book keeping. Many others soon followed him. In India, the government of India appointed a committee on correspondence course and evening colleges in 1961 under the chairmanship of D. S. Kothari. The committee recommended the introduction of correspondence courses and as a result of it, University of Delhi Started correspondence courses in 1962.
8) Give a definition of distance education.
Ans:- Distance Education is defined differently by different thinkers in different situation. Some of them are:-
According to Dohmen :- “A systematically organised form of self study in which student counselling, the presentation organised form of self study in which students success is carried out by a team of teachers, each of whom has responsibilities. It is made possible at a distance by means of media which can cover long distances.”According to Moore :- “The family of instructional methods in which the teacher behaviours are performed apart from learning behaviours, including those that in a contiguous situation would be performed in the learner’s presence so that communication between the teacher and the learner must be facilitated by print, electronic, mechanical or other devices.”
According to Wedemeyer :- “Independent study consists of various forms of teaching learning arrangements in which teachers and learners carry out their essential taske and responsibilities apart from one another, communicating in a variety of ways. Its purposes are to free on campus or internal learners from inappropriate class placing or patterns to provide of campus or external learners with the opportunity to continue learning in their own environments, and developing in all learners the capacity to carry on self – directed learning, the ultimate maturity required of the educated person.”
9) ‘Distance education is possible without being open’ – Discuss.
Ans:- Distance education system is open education system. Actually distance education is not posible without being open. In statance education the learner have the chance to take education according to their need and comfort.
10) Describe Non – formal education as a supportive system of education.
Ans:- Non formal education is such type of education through which people can take education for the whole life. This education is considered as comprehensive education for all people and it can fulfill the need and interest of all people. It is a supportive and substitudes of formal education.
11) Why Non – formal education is considered as flexible system of education ?
Ans:- Non formal education is considered as flexible system of education, because there have no rigid/strict rules regulation in admission, curriculum construction, place of education, etc.
12) Why correspondence education is known as Postal education ?
Ans:- Correspondence education is a system through which individual may complete a prescribed courses of study offered by an institution without attending to its classes. The educational transaction in this method is facilitated by the medium of print which is conducted with the help of postal system.
13) “All open education is distance education, but all distance education may not be open” – explain.
Ans:- Open education refers to educational organisation that seek to eliminate barriers to entry into the world of education and learning. It means to erase the formalised roles of students and teacher. Otherhand distance education is a system of education in which there is no face to face relationship between the teacher and the taught but they are linked through correspondence, radio talk, television or computer.
14) Explain distance education as a flexible system of education.
Ans:- A flexible attitude is taken in case of prior educational qualification, ages and in selection of subjects. In this education system, people can achieve education at any time of his life. It takes the problem of educating school dropouts, working adults, house wives and learners from socially and economically disadvantaged section of the society. Flexible education through distance mode is a flexible arrangement. Sometimes there are no fixed entry points or exits.
15) ‘Two way communications is an essential element of distance education’. – Discuss.
Ans:- In the two way communications there is reaction sand interaction with constant feed back. There is provision for further information, classification etc. as thought by the learner. In Distance Education the teacher prepares learning materials from which he himself may never teach. Another teacher may use the materials and evaluate students work with the help of electronic media.
16) Mention two groups of people who may get benefit of non – formal education.
Ans:- i) Backward pupils.
ii) Dropout section of pupils.
Questions for 3 mark each
1) Mention three merits of open education.
Ans:- The merits of the open education system are the following :-
i) Through this system of education higher education brings to the door step of needy person. Specially it help working persons, employees, housewives and the peoples of conservative attitudes.
ii) Open education system facilitates the people of Remote areas, Hilly areas, Rural areas, Drop outs, Adults who are not entitled to get education in time.
iii) Fees structure of this system of education is moderate so, most of the people are interested for it. Its expenditure is one third (1/3) of general education.
iv) Admission system of this type of education is very easy and eligibility criterias are flexible.
v) This system of education have more flexibility in time factor of the courses. For a one year course learner can avail four years to complete the course.
vi) All the courses of this type of education are meaningful and well organized. Courses are effective, applicable and useful.
2) Who can be the learner of open school ?
Ans:- Working persons, employees, housewifes, conservative attitude people, people of remote areas, hilly areas, rural areas, drop outs, adults can be the learner of open schools.
3) What are the objectives of open school ?
Ans:- Objectives of open schools are :-
i) To offer educational opportunities to the deprived classes and masses and to cope with the everincreasing demands.
ii) To help to decreasd the disparities and imbalance growth in the society.
iii) To find out an alternative and economical approach to the formal system of education.
iv) To bridge the gulf between the educated few and uneducated masses of our society.
v) To help to achieve the mission of a learning society.
vi) To impart education at the individual’s convenience, and to utilise the leissure time for educational purpose.
vii) To help to continue work and education without any break.
4) Explain the scope of non Formal Education.
Ans:- Scope of non formal education is very vast. It covers various levels of education ranging from pre – primary to university education. It comprises all areas of formal education. It provides new knowledge, understanding, interests, skills, critical thinking, appreciation etc.Non – formal education complements formal system of education. It exploits the time and resources of the individual and develop innate potentialities to the maximum.
The non – formal education can include within school education other kinds of professional and vocational programme like community development, farming
agriculture extension, technical training etc. It is meant for all for whom formal education is either unsuitable or unavailable.
Non – formal education may be class – room activities or distance education or correspondence course. It may on the job, part time, full – time as well as recurrent.
5) Write three merits of open education.
Ans:- The merits of the open education system are the following :-
i) Through this system of education higher education brings to the door step of needy person. Specially it help working persons, employees, housewives and the peoples of conservative attitudes.
ii) Open education system facilitates the people of Remote areas, Hilly areas, Rural areas, Drop outs, Adults who are not entitled to get education in time.
iii) Fees structure of this system of education is moderate so, most of the people are interested for it. Its expenditure is one third (1/3) of general education.
iv) Admission system of this type of education is very easy and eligibility criterias are flexible.
v) This system of education have more flexibility in time factor of the courses. For a one year course learner can avail four years to complete the course.
vi) All the courses of this type of education are meaningful and well organized. Courses are effective, applicable and useful.
6) Mention the characteristics which distinguish Non – formal education from formal education.
Ans:- Formal education is too rigid as regards to time, place, duration, attendance, syllabus, methods, evaluation etc. Whereas non forma education is opposed to these characteristic.Formal education is too expensive whereas non Formal education is reasonable.Those joining formal education goes for degree or certificates or jobs whereas non – formal education donot care for degrees, diplomas and certificates.Formal education ends at a certain point of age whereas non Formal education is a life long system of education.
7) Mention three objectives of correspondence education.
Ans:- To expand, democraties and provide educational opportunities to most people.
a) To provide more freedom to learners in regard to admission, living and location of learning activities.
b) Through this system learners can integrate learning work.
c) To motivate school dropouts to resume education.
8) What do you know about IGNOU ?
Ans:- In 1985 the government of India passed the bill for betting up a national open university and hence forth the Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) was established. To democratise higher education by providing access to large segments of the population, in particular the disadvantaged groups such as those in living in remote and rural areas including women, working people and other adults who wish to acquire and upgrade their knowledge and skills.
9) ‘Present world is facing three types of explosion’. What are these explosions ?
Ans:- These explosions are :-
a) Knowledge explosion.
b) Population explosion.
c) Environmental explosion.
10) Explain how distance education helps us to face the educational problems caused by these explosions.
Ans:- Distance education helps us to face the educational problems caused by these explosions are the following ways :-
a) Distance education helps to equalize to educational facilities by distributing them equally to people irrespective of caste, religion and community.
b) Distance education helps forward broadly person’s acquiring knowledge of development process. It makes all realizes that every person has his birth right of achieving knowledge.
c) It helps to form real and adequate human resource by giving emphasis on the use of different electronic medias and the skills of modern technology such as radio, television, computer internet, email etc.
11) Mention three modern technical aids generally used it distance education.
Ans:- The there modern teaching aids generally used in distance education are :-
a) Radio,
b) Television,
c) Computer multimedia.
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