Class 10 Science Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution

Class 10 Science Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution The answer to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters NCERT Class 10 Science Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution and select need one.

Class 10 Science Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution

Also, you can read the SCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per SCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of SCERT All Subject Solutions. Here we have given Assam Board Class 10 Science Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution Solutions for All Subjects, You can practice these here…

Multiple choice questions

Q.1. When two parents are crossed , the offspring are referred to as : 

( a ) Recessives. 

( b ) Test cross. 

( c ) F₁ generation. 

( d ) F₂ generationen.

Ans :- ( c ) F₁ generation. 

Q.2. A cross between two individuals results in a ratio of 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 for four possible phenotypes of progeny . This is an example of a : 

( a ) Dihybrid cross.

( b ) Monohybrid cross.

( c ) Test cross. 

( d ) None of these.

Ans :- ( a ) Dihybrid cross.

Q.3. For this experiments on heredity . Mendel used 

( a ) Papaya plants.

( b ) Potato plants.

( c ) Pea plants.

( d ) Pear plants. 

Ans :- ( c ) Pea plants.

Q.4. The human animal which has an XY pair of chromosomes is called 

( a ) Male.

( b ) Hybrid.

( c ) Female.

( d ) doomed. 

Ans :- ( a ) Male.

Q.5. The science of heredity is known as

( a ) Biology.

( b ) Embryology.

( c ) Genetics. 

( d ) Biochemistry. 

Ans :- ( c ) Genetics. 

Q.6. A gene is a :

( a ) Hybrid. 

( b ) Heritable trait.

( c ) Pure breed

( d ) Part of a chromosome that er lo sto sam quan do transmits a trait.

Ans :- Part of a chromosome that er lo sto sam quan do transmits a trait.

Q.7. A normal cell of human body contain 23 pairs of chromosomes . The number of chromosomes in a sex cell ( sperm of ovum ) of a heuman being is most likely to be . 

( a ) 46 

( b ) 23 

( c ) 21 

( d ) 42 

Ans :- ( b ) 23.

Q.8. In order to ensure that he hade pure-breeding plants for his experiments, Mendel. 

( a ) Cross fertilised each variety with each other.

( b ) Let each variety self fertilise for several generations.

( c ) Remove the female parts of the plants. 

( d ) Removed the male parts of the plants. 

Ans :- (b) Let each variety self fertilise for several generations.

Q.9. In the human blood grouping the four basic blood A, type B, type O. The blood proteins A and B are- 

( a ) Simple dominant and recessive traits.

( b ) Incomplete dominant traits.

( c ) Codominant traits.

( d ) Sex linked traits. 

Ans :-  ( c ) Codominant traits.

Q.10. A plant with ‘small’ genes breeds with a plant with two ‘tall’ genes to produce : 

( a ) Small plants and tall plants in the ratio 1:3 

( b ) All small plants.

( c ) All tall plants.

( d ) Tall plants and small plants in the ratio 3:1 

Ans :- ( c ) All tall plants.

Q.11. A pregnant woman has an equal chance of her baby being blood group A or blood group AB. Which one of the following shows the possible genotypes of the woman and the father of her child ? 

( a ) lᴬIᴬ and IᴮIᵒ

( b ) IᴬIᴮ and IᴮIᵒ

( c ) IᴬIᵒ and IᴮIᵒ

( d ) IᴬIᴮ and IᴬIᵒ

Ans :- ( a ) lᴬIᴬ and IᴮIᵒ

Q.12. The palisade cells of a species of plant contain 28 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will there be in each gamete produced by the plant ? 

( a ) 56 

( b ) 28

( c ) 14 

( d ) 4 

Ans :- ( c ) 14 .

Q.13. Which of the following may be used to obtain on F₂ generation . 

( a ) Allowing flowers on a parent plant to be self – pollinated.

( b ) Allowing flowers on an F₁ plant to be self – pollinated . 

( c ) Cross pollinating an F₁ plant with a parent plant.

( d ) Cross pollinating two parent plants.

Ans :- ( b ) Allowing flowers on an F₁ plant to be self – pollinated . 

Q.14. The visible characteristic in an organism is known as : 

( a ) Prototype.

( b ) Stereotype.

( c ) Phenotype.

( d ) Genotype.

Ans :- ( c ) Phenotype.

Q.15. The exchange of genetic material takes place in : 

( a ) Vegetative reproduction.

( b ) A sexual reproduction.

( c ) sexual reproduction.

( d ) Budding.

Ans :- ( c ) sexual reproduction.

Q.16. A cross between a tall plant ( TT ) and short plant ( tt ) resulted in progeny that were all tall plants because 

( a ) Tallness is the dominant trait.

( b ) Shortness is the dominant trait.

( c ) Tallness is the recessive trait.

( d ) Height of plant is not governed by gene T or t.

Ans :- ( a ) Tallness is the dominant trait.

Q.17. The number of pair of sex chromosomes in the zygote of human is : 

( a ) One.

( b ) Two.

( c ) Three.

( d ) Four.

Ans :- ( a ) One.

Q.18. In peas , a pure tall plant ( TT ) is crossed with a pure short plant ( tt ) . The ratio of pure tall plants to pure short plants in F₂ generation will be : 

( a ) 1:3 

( b ) 3:1 

( c ) 1:1 

( d ) 2:1 

Ans :- ( c ) 1:1

Q.19. The two variations of a trait which are brought in by the male and female gametes are situated on : 

( a ) Copies of the same chromosome.

( b ) Sex chromosomes.

( c ) Two different chromosomes.

( d ) Any chromosomes.

Ans :- ( a ) Copies of the same chromosome.

Q.20. A trait in an organism is influenced by : 

( a ) Paternal NDA only.

( b ) Maternal DNA only.

( c ) Both maternal and paternal DNA.

( d ) Neither by paternal nor by maternal DNA 

Ans :- ( c ) Both maternal and paternal DNA.

Q.21. In human males all the chromosomes are paired perfectly except one . This / these unpaired chromosomes in / are : 

( i ) Large chromosome.

( ii ) Small chromosome 

( iii ) Y chromosome.

( iv ) X chromosome.

( a ) ( i ) and ( ii ) 

( b ) ( iii ) only.

( c ) ( iii ) and ( iv ) 

( d ) ( ii ) and ( iv ) 

Ans :- ( c ) ( iii ) and ( iv ) 

Q.22. A zygote which has inherited an X chromosome from the father will develop into : 

( a ) Baby boy.

( b ) Baby girl.

( c ) Adult.

( d ) Either boy or girl.

Ans :- ( b ) Baby girl.

Q.23. If the ratio of each phenotype of the seeds of pen plant in the F₂ generation is 9: 3: 3: 1, it is known as : 

( a ) Tetrahybrid ratio.

( b ) Monohybrid ratio.

( c ) Dihybrid ratio.

( d ) Trihybrid  ratio.

Ans :- ( c ) Dihybrid ratio.

Q.24. In evolutionary terms, we have more in common with :

( a ) A chinese school boy.

( b ) A chimpanzee.

( c ) A spider.

( d ) A bacterium.

Ans :- ( b ) A chimpanzé.

Q.25. The human species has genetic roots in: 

( a ) America.

( b ) Africa.

( c ) Australia.

( d ) Antarctica.

Ans :- ( b ) Africa.

Q.26. Which of the following gas was not present in early earth atmosphere?  

( a ) Ammonia.

( b ) Oxygen.

( c ) Hydrogen sulphide.

( d ) Hethane.

Ans :- ( b ) Oxygen.

Q.27. A gradual charge, over a long period, in a form of life in known as : 

( a ) Erosion.

( b ) Evolution.

( c ) Revolution.

( d ) Evaluation.

Ans :- ( b ) Evolution.

Q.28. Scientists believe that all life originated in :

( a ) The sea.

( b ) The Soil.

( c ) The ground.

( d ) The air.

Ans :- ( a ) The sea.

Q.29. According to scientists ares have evolved from : 

( a ) Mammals.

( b ) Amphibians.

( c ) Reptiles.

( d ) Arthropods.

Ans :- ( c ) Reptiles.

Q.30. The theory of evolution of species by natural selection was given by 

( a ) Mendal.

( b ) Daruin.

( c ) Palton.

( d ) Lamark.

Ans :- ( b ) Darwin.

Q.31. The term ‘ father of genetics ‘ is used for the scientists : 

( a ) Morgan.

( b ) Mendal.

( c ) Darwin.

( d ) Marie curie.

Ans :- ( b ) Mendal.

Q.32. One of the following traits cannot be inherited . This one is : 

( a ) Colour of eyes. 

( b ) Colour of skin.

( c ) Size of body.

( d ) Nature of hair.

Ans :- ( c ) Size of body.

Q.33. Only one of the following characteristic of the parents can be inherited by their children . This one is : 

( a ) Deep scar on chin. 

( b ) Snub nose.

( c ) Technique of swimming.

( d ) Cut nose.

Ans :- ( b ) Snub nose.

Q.34. The organs which perform different functions but have the same basic structure are known as : 

( a ) Homologous organs.

( b ) Analogous organs.

( c ) Homolytic organs.

( d ) Analytic organs.

Ans :- ( a ) Homologous organs.

Q.35. The organs which perform similar functions but have different basic structure are called . 

( a ) Asymmetric organs.

( b ) Analogous organs.

( c ) Homologous organs.

( d ) Homophonic organ.

Ans :- ( b ) Analogous organs.

Q.36. Wing of an insect and forelimb of a bird are : 

( a ) Analogous organs.

( b ) Analeptic organs.

( c ) Homologous organs.

( d ) Homophobic organs.

Ans :- ( a ) Analogous organs.

Q.37. If the fossil of an organism is found in the deeper layers of earth , then we can predict that : 

( a ) The extinction of organism has occured recently.

( b ) The extinction of organism has occured thousands of years ago . 

( c ) The fossil position in the layers of earth in not related to its time of extinction.

( d ) Time of extinction cannot be determined . 

Ans :- ( b ) The extinction of organism has occurred thousands of years ago . 

Q.38. One of the following traits of the parents cannot be passed on to their future generations . This trait is : 

( a ) Cleft chain.

( b ) pointed chin.

( c ) Scarred chin.

( d ) Broad chin.

Ans :- ( c ) Scarred chin.

Q.39. Some dinosorous has feathers although they could not fly but birds have feathers that help them to fly. In the es context of evolution , this means that : 

( a ) Reptiles have evolved from birds.

( b ) There is no evolutionary connection between reptiles and birds.

( c ) Birds have evolved from reptiles.

Ans :- ( c ) Birds have evolved from reptiles.

Q.40. Select the incorrect statement from the following.

( a ) Frequency of certain genes in a population changes over several generations resulting involution.

( b ) Reduction in the weight of an organism due to starvation is genetically controlled.

( c ) Low weight parents can have heavy weight progeny.

( d ) Traits which are not inherited over generations do not cause evolution . 

Ans :- ( b ) Reduction in the weight of an organism due to starvation is genetically controlled.

Q.41. New species may be formed if : 

( i ) DNA undergoes significant changes in germ cells.

( ii ) Chromosome number changes in the gamete.

( iii ) There is no change in the genetic material.

( iv ) Mating does not take place.

( a ) ( i ) and ( ii ) 

( b ) ( i ) and ( iii ) 

( c ) ( ii ) , ( iii ) and ( iv ) 

( d ) ( i ) , ( ii ) and ( iii ) 

Ans :- ( a ) ( i ) and ( ii ) 

Q.42. According to the evolutionary theory , formation of a new species in generally due to :

( a ) Sudden creation by nature.

( b ) Accumulation of variations over several generations.

( c ) Clones formed during asexual reproduction.

( d ) Movement of individuals from one habitat to another.

Ans :- ( b ) Accumulation of variations over several generations.

Q.43. The presence of which of the following types of organs in two animals indicates that they are not derived from a common ancestor ? 

( a ) Homologous organs.

( b ) Excretory organs.

( c ) Analogous organs.

( d ) Reproductive organs.

Ans :- ( c ) Analogous organs.

Q.44. The presence of which of the following types of organs in two organisms indicates that they are derived from the same ancestor ? 

( a ) Analogous organs.

( b ) Respiratory organs.

( c ) Digestive organs.

( d ) Homologous organs.

Ans :- ( d ) Homologous organs.

Q.45. One of the following has not been produced from wild cabbage by the process of artificial selection . This one is

( a ) Kohlrabi. 

( b ) Cabbage. 

( c ) Spinach.

( d ) Kale.

Ans :- ( c ) Spinach.

Q.46. The fossil trilobite was originally : 

( a ) An arthropod.

( b ) An invertebrate.

( c ) A reptile.

( d ) An ave.

Ans :- ( a ) An arthropod.

Q.47. One pair of organs in the following animals are not homologous . This is : 

( a ) Forelimbs in humans and lizard.

( b ) Forelimbs in lizard and frog.

( c ) Wings in butterfly and bat.

( d ) Wings in bat and bird.

Ans :- ( c ) Wings in butterfly and bat.

Q.48. The wings of a housefly and the wings of a sparrow are an example of : 

( a ) Analogous organs.

( b ) Vestigial organs.

( c ) Respiratory organs.

( d ) Homologous organs.

Ans :- ( a ) Analogous organs.

Q.49. Select the group which shares the maximum number of common characters :

( a ) Two individuals of a species.

( b ) Two species of genus. 

( c ) Two genera of a family.

( d ) Two genera of two families.

Ans :- ( a ) Two individuals of a species.

Q.50. The sex of a child is determined by which of the blw following ?

( a ) The length of the mother’s pregnancy . 

( b ) The length of time between ovulation and copulation. 

( c ) The presence of an X chromosome in an ovum . 

( d ) The presence of a Y chromosome in a sperm .

Ans :- ( d ) The presence of a Y chromosome in a sperm.