Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Control and Coordination The answer to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters NCERT Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Control and Coordination and select need one.
Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Control and Coordination
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Additional Questions and Answers
Q.1. Define tropic movements .
Ans :- The movements of plant which are directional , either towards the stimulus or away from it are called tropic movements .
Q.2. What is phototropism ?
Ans :- Bending of plant towards the light is called phototropism .
Q.3. What is geotropism ?
Ans :- Downward movement of a plant in response to gravitational force is called geotropism .
Q.4. What is chemotropism ?
Ans :- The movement due to chemical stimulus as seen during the pollen tube growth is called chemotropism .
Q.5. Define photoperiodism .
Ans :- Flowering and seed germination in plants are regulated by a process called phto periodism .
Q.6. What is phytochrome ?
Ans :- Plants respond to photoperiodic stimulus by a specialized pigment called phytochrome .
Q.7. What is reflex action ?
Ans :- Reflex action is a spontaneous involuntary or automatic nerve mediated response to a stimulus produced at the unconscious level . Several of our activities are governed by reflex action .
Q.8. What happens when bright light is focussed one eyes ?
Ans :- Eyes get closed in response to light so as to protect the eyes .
Q.9. Give two example of reflex action .
Ans :- ( i ) Closing of eyes in response to bright light .
( ii ) Withdrawal of hand in case you touch a hot plate .
Q.10. What are the three basic region of brain ?
Ans :- ( i ) Fore brain.
( ii ) Mid brain.
( iii ) Hind brain.
Q.11. Name two types of gland present in our body .
Ans :- Exocrine gland and endocrine gland .
Q.12. What is the other name of hormone ?
Ans :- Chemical coordinators .
Q.13. Name the hormone secreted by thyroid gland .
Ans :- Thyroxine .
Q.14. Write the function of hormone ‘ Thyroxin ‘ in our body .
Ans :- It regulates metabolism of carbohydrates , fats and proteins .
Q.15. What is the role of dendrites ?
Ans :- the role of dendrites is to carry nerve impulse towards the cell body of a neuron . It receive information from axon of other neuron through synapsis .
Q.16. Explain the movement in leaves of the sensitive plant on touching.
Ans :- When a sensitive plant is touched , the movement happens at a point different form the point of touch . The information of touch is communicated by the use of electrical – chemical means to convey this information from cell to cell . But plants do not have specialized tissues for conduction of information .
In response to stimulus touch , the cells of sensitive plant cells change shape by changing the amount of water in them , resulting in swelling or shrinking and therefore in changing shapes .
When the plant is touched , the cells of leaves water and shrink . So , the leaflets droop . When the effect of the stimulus of touch is over . The cells become swollen due to entry of water and leaflets become normal .
Q.17. What are the functions of spinal cord ?
Ans :- ( i ) It acts as modulator.
( ii ) It controls all the reflex actions .
( iii ) It reduces all burden of brain .
Q.18. What are the general functions of ‘ hormones ‘ ?
Ans :- ( i ) Hormones stimulate the tissue activity .
( ii ) Hormones regulate growth and reproduction .
( iii ) Hormones control metabolism .
( iv ) Hormones conserve water and minerals .
Q.19. Name the hormones secreted by thyroid , para thyroid and pancreas .
Ans :- Thyroid – Thyroxine .
Parathyroid – Calcitonin and Para thromone.
Pancreas – Insulin and Glucagon .
Q.20. Differentiate between estrogen and testosterone .
Ans :- Estrogen is a female hormone and is secreted by the ovary . It causes development of secondary female sex fetures such as development of breasts .
Testosterone is a male hormone and is secreted by the testis . It cause development of secondary male features such as the growth of moustache and beard .
Q.21. What cause goitre ? Mention one of the symptoms?
Ans :- Goitre is caused by iron deficiency in the diet – Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroxin hormone.
Symptom :- One of the symptom of goitre is swollen neck .
Q.22. Fill in the blanks :
( i ) Germination of seed and pushing of soil by seeding is an example of movement caused by ——————-.
( ii ) The receptors are usually located in our sense organs such as the ————- the ———.
( iii ) At the end of the axon the electrical impulse set off the release of some ————–.
( iv ) The nervous tissue is made of an organised network of ——— or ———–.
( v ) The central nervous system consists of ———- and————.
( vi ) The ————– is the main thinking part of the brain.
( vii ) In some plants tendrils are sensitive to ————-.
( viii ) Adrenaline is secreted by ———— gland .
( ix ) Reflex arcs are more ————— for quick response .
( x ) Control and coordination are the function of the nervous system and —————– in our body .
Ans :- ( i ) Growth.
( ii ) Internal ear , nose , tongue.
( iii ) Chemicals.
( iv ) Nerve cell , neurons.
( v ) Brain , spinal cord .
( vi ) Fore brain.
( vii ) Touch.
( viii ) Adrenal.
( ix ) Efficient.
( x ) Hormones.
Q.23. What will happen if thyroxine become excess ?
Ans :- When the amount of thyroxin is increased , it results in exophthalmic goitre . In this , the thyroid gland gets enlarged considerably and produces a big swelling in the neck regin and causes bulging of eyes . Excessive heat , reduced body weight , high blood pressure are the other symptoms .
Q.24. Name the parts of the body which sends instructions to the muscles and glands .
Ans :- Brain and spinal cord .
Q.25. What is the main function of cerebrum ?
Ans :- Thinking and coordination .
Q.26. Cytokinins promote cell division in human true or false .
Ans :- False .
Q.27. Write the functions of abscisic acid .
Ans :- ( i ) Abscisic acid is a growth regulator found widespread in plants .
( ii ) Abscisic acid causes the inhibition of mitosis in the vascular cambium .
( iii ) Abscisic acid brings about the seasonal leaf fall .
Q.28. Write short note on movements in plants .
Ans :- The movement of a plant or its part in direction of stimulus is known as tropism . Curvature movements in flowering plants are of two types : – growth movements and turgor movements .
Growth movements are caused due to differential or unequal growth of an organ . They are slow and can be observed through time – lapse photography .
Q.29. Which parts of the plant body produce growth regulators ?
Ans :- Growing tips .
Q.30. Differentiate between hormones and enzymes .
Ans :-
| Hormones | Enzymes |
| ( i ) They are produced by ductless glands . | ( i ) They are produce by glands which have ducts . |
| ( ii ) Hormones may be other than proteins . | ( ii ) These are always protenic in nature . |
| ( iii ) They are specific chemical messengers which act on specific tissue or organ . | ( iii ) They biocatalysts which regulate the rate of biochemical reaction . |
Multiples Choice Questions
Q.1. Which one of the following endocrine glands produces two distinct hormones ?
( a ) Adrenal.
( b ) Thymustert.
( c ) Testis.
( d ) Pineal.
Ans :- ( a ) Adrenal.
Q.2. Brain and spinal cord act as
( a ) Receptors.
( b ) Effectors.
( c ) Modulators.
( d ) None of these.
Ans :- ( c ) Modulators .
Q.3. Autonomous nervous system does not control .
( a ) Thinking and learning.
( b ) Heart beat.
( c ) Excretion.
( d ) Reflex.
Ans :- ( a ) Thinking and learning .
Q.4. Movement in the leaf of the touch – me – not plant is:
( a ) Epinasty.
( b ) Hyponosty.
( c ) Nyctinasty.
( d ) Seismonasty.
Ans :- ( d ) Seismonesty .
Q.5. Which one of the following is not endocrine glands?
( a ) Pituitary.
( b ) Thyroid.
( c ) Adrenal.
( d ) Salivary.
Ans :- ( d ) Salivary .
Q.6. Hormone is
( a ) Enzymatic product.
( b ) V Chemical messenger.
( c ) Nerve impulse.
( d ) Excretory product.
Ans :- ( b ) Chemical messenger .
Q.7. Glucose level of blood is regulated by
( a ) Thyroxin and calcium.
( b ) Insulin and glucagon.
( c ) Insulin and thyroxin.
( d ) Glucagon and thyroxine.
Ans :- ( b ) Insulin and glucagon .
Q.8. Blood pressure is controlled by
( a ) Adrenal gland.
( b ) Thyroid.
( c ) Thymus.
( d ) Pancreas.
Ans :- ( a ) Adrenal gland .
Q.9. Growth hormone is produced in
( a ) Thyroid.
( b ) Adrenal.
( c ) Gonads.
( d ) Pituitary.
Ans :- ( d ) Pituitary.
Q.10. Male hormone is
( a ) Entrogen.
( b ) Testosterone.
( c ) Adrenalin.
( d ) FSH.
Ans :- ( b ) Testosterone .
Q.11. Spinal cord originates from :
( a ) Cerebrum.
( b ) Medulla.
( c ) Pons.
( d ) Cerebellum.
Ans :- ( b ) Medulla.
Q.12. Select the mis – matched pair :
( a ) Adrenaline : Pituitary gland.
( b ) Testosterone : Testes.
( c ) Estrogen : ovary.
( d ) Thyroxine : Thyroid gland.
Ans :- ( a ) Adrenaline : pituitary gland.
Q.13. Which of the following is not an involuntary action?
( a ) Vomiting.
( b ) Salivation.
( c ) Heart beat.
( d ) Chequing.
Ans :- ( d ) Cheung.
Q.14. Which of the following endocrine glands is unpaired ?
( a ) Adrenal.
( b ) Testes.
( c ) Pituitary.
( d ) Ovary.
Ans :- ( c ) Pituitary.
Q.15. The substance which accelerates the growth in stem is
( a ) Vitamin.
( b ) Enzyme.
( c ) Auxin.
( d ) Chlorophyll.
Ans :- ( c ) Auxin.
Q 16. Auxins are
( a ) Hormones.
( b ) Proteins.
( c ) Fats.
( d ) Cell organelles.
Ans :- ( a ) Hormones .
Q. 17. Which of the following does not secrete any hormone ?
( a ) Testis.
( b ) Spleen.
( d ) Pancreas.
Ans :- ( b ) Spleen.
Q.18. Which plant hormone causes bending of shoot towards light ?
( a ) Auxin.
( b ) Gibberellin.
( c ) Cytokinin.
( d ) Ethylene.
Ans :- ( a ) Auxin.
Q.19. The growth of pollen tubes towards ovules is the example of
( a ) Hydrotropism.
( b ) Geotropism.
( c ) Chemotropism.
( d ) Phototropism
Ans :- ( c ) Chemotropism .
Q.20. Which of the following is a plant hormone ?
( a ) Thyroxine.
( b ) Insuline.
( c ) Oestrogen.
( d ) Cytokinin.
Ans :- ( d ) Cytokinin.
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