Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes The answer to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters NCERT Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes and select need one.
Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes
Also, you can read the SCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per SCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of SCERT All Subject Solutions. Here we have given Assam Board Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes Solutions for All Subjects, You can practice these here…
Textual Questions and Answers
Q.1. How ae fats digested in our bodies ? Where does the process take place ?
Ans :- The food coming from the stomach is acidic and has to be made alkaline for the pancreatic enzymes to act . Bile juice from the cover accomplishes this in addition to acting on fats . Fats are present in the intestine in the form of large . globules which makes it difficult for enzymes to act on them . Bile salts break them down into smaller globules increasing the efficiency of enzyme action . The pancreas secretes pancreatic juice which contains enzymes like trypsin for digesting proteins and lipase for breaking down emulsified fats .
The walls of the small intestine contain glands which secrete intestinal juice . The enzymes present in it finally convert the fats into fatty acids and glycerol . Digestion of fat takes place in the small intestine.
Q.2. What is the role of saliva in the digestion of food ?
Ans :- The saliva contains an enzyme called salivary amylase that breaks down starch which is a complex molecule to give sugar . The food is mined thoroughly with saliva and moved around the mouth which chewing by the muscular tongue .
Q.3. What are the necessary conditions for autotrophic nutrition and what are its by – products ?
Ans :- Necessary conditions for autotrophic nutrition : –
( i ) Presence of chlorophyll in the living cells .
( ii ) Co₂ is necessary.
( iii ) Sunlight is necessary .
( iv ) Water is required .
By – products :- Molecular oxygen is liberated as a byproduct .
Q.4. What are the differences between aerobic and an but aerobic respiration ? Name some organisms that use the anaerobic mode of respiration .
Ans :-
| Aerobic respiration | Anaerobic respiration |
| 1. It takes place in the presence of oxygen. | 1. It takes place in the absence of oxygen. |
| 2. Complete oxidation of glucose takes place. | 2. Glucose molecule is incompletely broken down. |
| 3. Large amount of energy is released. | 3. Small amount of energy is released. |
An aerobic respiration take place in bacteria , yeast and Muscle cells .
Q.5. How are the alveoli designed to maximise the exchange of gases ?
Ans :- The alveoli are thin walled and richly supplied with a network of blood vessels to facilitate exchange of gases between blood and the air filled in alveoli . Alveoli have balloon like structure . Thus provides maximum surface for exchange of gases .
Q.6. What would be consequences of a deficiency of haemoglobin in our bodies ?
Ans :- Haemoglobin is a respiratory pigment present in RBC of Blood . Haemoglobin has high affinity for oxygen. One molecule of haemoglobin carries 4 molecules of oxygen . If simple diffusion were to move oxygen in our body , it is estimated that it would take 3 years for a molecule of oxygen to reach tip of toes from lungs.
Q.7. Describe double circulation in human beings . Why is it necessary ?
Ans :- Double circulation :- In human beings the blood goes through the heart twice during each cycle . i.e. , the blood passes through the human heart two times to supply once to the whole body . So , it is called the double circulation of blood .
The double circulation of blood includes
( i ) Systemic circulation and
( ii ) Pulmonary circulation.
( i ) Systemic circulation :- It supplies oxygenated blood from left auricle to left ventricle there by pumped to various body parts . The deoxygenated blood is collected from the various body organs by the veins to pour into vena cava and finally into right atrium . Right atrium transfers the blood in to the right ventricle .
( ii ) Pulmonary circulation :- The deoxygenated blood is pushed by the right ventricle into the lungs for oxygenation . The oxygenated blood is brought back to left atrium of the human heart . From left atrium the oxygenated blood is pushed into the left ventricle . The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into aosta for systemic circulation .
( iii ) Necessity of double circulation :- The right side and the left side of the human heart is useful to keep deoxygenated and oxygenated blood from mining . This type of separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood ensures a highly efficient supply of oxygen to the body . This is useful in case of humans which constantly require energy to maintain their body temperature .
Q.8. What are the differences between the transport of materials in xylem and phloem ?
Ans :-
| Xylem | Phloem |
| 1. Water and minerals are transported through xylem from soil. | 1. Sucrose , amino acids and other substances are transported through phloem. |
| 2. In xylem , upward , movement of water and dissolved minerals transferred into phloem tissue is mainly achieved by transpiration pull .It is caused due to suction , created by evaporation of water molecules from the cells of leaves. | 2. In translocation , material is transferredin the phloem tissue emerge from ATP. This increase the osmotic Pressures that movies the material in the phloem to tissue which have less pres pressure. |
Q.9. Compare the functioning of alveoli in the lungs and nephrons in the kidneys with respect to their structure and functioning .
Ans :-
| Alveole | Nephron |
| 1. Alveoli have thin walled balloon like structure . Scarface is fine and delicate. | 1. Nephron have thin walled cup shaped structure attached with thin walled tubule. |
| 2. Alveoli only provide surface for exchange of gases in the lungs. | 2. Tubular part of nephron also carries the urine to collecting duct. |
Additional Questions and Answers
Q.1. Why are molecular movements needed for life ?
Ans :- Molecular movements are required to provide various essential molecules throughout the body of an organism for repairing and maintaining their structures .
Q.2. What is nutrition ?
Ans :- The sum total of processes by which living organisms obtain food materials and prepare them for use in the growth , repair and providing energy is termed nutrition.
Q.3. List six features of living organisms .
Ans :- ( i ) Growth.
( ii ) Movements.
( iii ) Cellular body.
( iv ) Nutrition.
( v ) Respiration.
( vi ) Reproduction .
Q.4. Name the main modes of nutrition .
Ans :- Autotrophic and heterotrophic .
Q.5. What is aerobic respiration ?
Ans :- Aerobic respiration is the process in which glucose is completely broken down in Co₂ and H₂O in presence of oxygen .
Q.6. What is anaerobic respiration ?
Ans :- Anaerobic respiration in the process in which food is broken down incompletely in ethyl alcohol or lactic acid in the absence of oxygen.
Q.7. What is photosynthesis ?
Ans :- The process of synthesis of food from raw materials H₂O and CO₂ in presence of sunlight by the green plants is known as photosynthesis .
Q.8. What is transpiration ?
Ans :- The loss of water in vapour from mainly from the leaves is called transpiration .
Q.9. What are the raw materials of photosynthesis ?
Ans :- The raw materials of photosynthesis are –
( i ) CO₂.
( iii ) Water.
( iii ) Light.
( iv ) Chlorophyll.
Q.10. Name the photosynthetic pigment present in a chloroplast.
Ans :- Chlorophyll .
Q.11. What is meant by digestion ? Give the important steps the process of protein digestion in man .
Ans :- The process of mechanical and chemical breakdown of ingested complete food material into simpler soluble and absorbable molecules is called digestion . In man , it starts from mouth and continues until the small intestine .
The digestion of protein in man starts in stomach . The gastric juice of stomach contains pepsin enzyme . It converts complete protein molecules into smaller molecules – peptones .
In duodenum , pancreatic juice enzyme trypsin also acts upon protein molecules to convert it into peptides and peptones . In ileum intestinal juice enzymes convert simple molecules of proteins into amino acids . Proteine are absorbed as amino acids by the intestinal villi .
Q.12. What do you mean by Dialysis ?
Ans :- The procedure used in artificial kidney in place of normal is called dialysis .
Q.13. What is blood vessels ?
Ans :- The vassals in which blood flows throughout the body are called blood vessels like artery , veins and capillaries .
Q.14. Name the following :
( i ) Thin walled air sacs of the lungs .
( ii ) The respiratory pigment in man .
( iii ) A gas present in large proportion in the expired air .
Ans :- ( i ) Alveoli.
( ii ) Haemoglobin.
( iii ) Carbon dioxide .
Q.15. Name the respiratory organs of :
( i ) Fish.
( ii ) Mosquito.
( iii ) Earthworm.
( iv ) Dog .
Ans :- ( i ) Gills.
( ii ) Trachea.
( iii ) Body wall.
( iv ) Lungs.
Q.16. Name the term for transport of food from leaves to other in parts of the plants .
Ans :- Translocation of food .
Q.17. Give one reason why multicellular organisms require special organs for exchange of gases between their body and their environment .
Ans :- All the cells of multicellular organism are not in direct contact with the surrounding environment .
Q.18. What is double circulation ?
Ans :- The blood flows twice through the heart in one cycle , it is called double circulation .
Q.19. Write major functions of stomata present in the epidermis.
Ans :- ( i ) Stomata are essential for exchange of gases between the plant and the atmosphere .
( ii ) Normally , plants eliminate excessive water in the form of vapour through stomatal openings .
( iii ) When there is shortage of water , stomatal openings get closed . Thus , reduce water lose . Stomatal openings also close down during night.
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