Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes

Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes The answer to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters NCERT Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes and select need one.

Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes

Also, you can read the SCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per SCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of SCERT All Subject Solutions. Here we have given Assam Board Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes Solutions for All Subjects, You can practice these here…

Life Processes

Chapter – 6

GENERAL SCIENCE

TEXTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Q.1. Why is diffusion insufficient to meet the oxygen requirements of multicellular organisms like humans ? 

Ans :- In multicellular organisms all the cells of body may not be in direct contact with surrounding source of oxygen , thus simple diffusion will not meet the oxygen requirements of all the cells . 

Q.2. What criteria do we use to decide whether something is alive ? 

Ans :- Features of living organisms :- 

( i ) Movement.

( ii ) Growth.

( iii ) Metabolism.

( iv ) Respiration.

( v ) Nutrition.

( vi ) Transportation.

( vii ) Reproduction.

( viii ) Exertion.

( ix ) Cellular body.

( x ) Respond to stimuli.

Q.3. What are out side raw materials used by living organisms . 

Ans :- The outside raw materials used by living organisms are : 

( i ) Food.

( ii ) Oxygen.

( iii ) Water . 

Q.4. What processes would you consider essential for maintaining life . 

Ans :- Essential process for maintaining life are 

( i ) Nutritation.

( ii ) Respiration.

( iii ) Transportation. And

( iv ) Excretion.

Page – 101 

Q.1. What are the differences between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition ? 

Ans :- Autotrophic nutrition :- In this type of nutrition , It occurs in green plants and blue green algae Co₂ organic compound . They need chlorophyll and sunlights.

Heterotrophic nutrition :- In this type of nutrition , It occurs in animals and insectivorous plants . They depend on plants and herbivores for their food . There is no need of chlorophyll and sunlight . 

Q.2. Where do the plants get each of the raw materials required for photosynthesis ? 

Ans :- Required materials for photosynthesis are : – 

( i ) Carbon – dioxide :- Which plants get from atmosphere . 

( ii ) Water :- Which plants get from soil . 

( iii ) Sunlight :- Which plants get from sun . 

( iv ) Chlorophyll :- It is present in green leaves plant . 

Q.3. What is the role of acid in our stomach ? 

Ans :- Function of acid ( HCl ) :- 

( i ) To create acidic medicins which is necessary for the activation of the enzyme pepsin . 

( ii ) Destroys the bacteria present in food . 

Q.4. What is the function of digestive enzymes ? 

Ans :- These enzymes convert the non – diffusible form of food into diffusible form . 

( i ) Ptyalin converts starch into maltose . 

( ii ) Pepsin breaks down proteins into peptides and amino acids . 

( iii ) Lipase acts on facts and forms fatty acid and glycerol . 

( iv ) Maltose acts on maltose and form glucose . 

Q.5. How is the small intestine designed to absorb digested food ? 

Ans :- Small intestine is the longest part of the alimentary canal which is fitted into a compact space because of extensive coiling . The inner living of the small intestine has numerous finger like projections called villi which increase the surface area for absorption . The villi are richly supplied with blood vessels which take the absorbed food to each and every cell of the body , where it is utilised for obtaining energy, building up new tissues and the repair of old tissues . 

Page – 105 

Q.1. What advantage over an aquatic organism does a terrestrial organism have with regard to obtaining oxygen for respiration ? 

Ans :- The amount of oxygen dissolved in water is very low as compared to amount of oxygen in air . So terrestrial organism have much less breathing rate than aquatic organisms.

Q.2. What are the different ways in which glucose is oxidised to provide energy in various organisms ? 

Ans :- Different pathways to provide energy from glucose :- 

Q.3. How is oxygen and carbon dioxide transported in human beings ? 

Ans :- The respiratory pigment present in the blood take up the oxygen from the air in the lungs . They carry the oxygen to tissues which are deficient in oxygen before releasing it . In human beings , the respiratory pigment , called haemoglobin present in the red blood corpuscles carries oxygen to different tissues of the body . 

Carbon dioxide is more soluble in water . Hence is mostly transported from body tissues in the dissolved form in our blood plasma to lung where it diffused from blood to air in the lungs . 

Q.4. How are the lungs designed in human beings to maximise the area for exchange of gases ? 

Ans :- Within the lungs , the primary bronchi divides into smaller and smaller tubes which finally terminate into balloon – like structures called alveoli . These alveoli increase surface area for exchange of gases . There are 750 million alveoli in the lungs of man . If the alveolar surface is spread out it would cover about 80m² . Thus it makes efficient exchange of gases . 

Page -110 

Q.1. What are the component of transport system in human tan beings ? What are function of these components ? 

Ans :- The transport system in human beings mainly consist of heart , blood and blood vessels . 

Functions of the components : 

( i ) Heart :- Heart is a pumping organ to push blood around the body . It receives deoxygenated blood from the body parts and pump it to lungs for enriching with oxygen . It receives purified blood from lungs and pumps it around the body . 

( ii ) Blood :- Blood is fluid connective tissue . It consists of plasma in which the cells are suspended , such as WBC and RBC . Plasma transports food , carbon dioxide and nitrogenous wastes in dissolved form . RBC transports oxygen . Blood also transport many other substances like hormones , salt etc. Platelets present in the blood stop bleed from injuries by forming blood clots . 

( iii ) Blood vessels :- The blood vessels which carry oxygenated blood are called arteries . They divide to form capillaries of finer dimensions . Exchange of materials takes place across the capillaries . It is possible because the wall of capillaries are extremely thin. The blood from the tissues is returned by veins.

Q.2. Why it is necessary to separate the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in mammals and birds ? 

Ans :- The separation of the right side and left side of the heart is useful to keep oxygenated and de oxygenated blood from mining . Such separation allows a highly efficient supply of oxygen to the body . This is useful in animals that have high energy needs , such as birds and mammals , which constantly use energy to maintain their body temperature.

Q.3. What are the components of the transport system in highly organised plants ? 

Ans :- The component of the transport system in highly organised plants are – 

( i ) Xylem.

( ii ) Phloem . 

Q.4. How are water and minerals transported in plants ? 

Ans :- In xylem tissue , vessels and tracheids of the roots , stems and leaves are interconnected to form a continuous system of water and minerals conducting channels reaching all parts of the plant . At the roots , cells in contact with the soil actively take up ions . 

This creats a difference in the concentrations of these ions between the root and the soil . Water and dissolved minerals , therefore , moves into the root from the soil to eliminate this difference . This means that there is a steady movement of water and minerals into the root xylem , creating a column of water that is steadily pushed upwards . 

However , this pressure by itself is unlikely to be enough to move water and minerals over the heights that we commonly see in plants . Plants use another strategy to move water in the xylem upwards to the highest points of the plant body .

Q.5. How is food transported in plants ? 

Ans :- Plants transport of soluble products of photosynthesis like carbohydrates , amino acids and other substances through phloem to storage organs of roots , fruits and seeds and also to growing organs . This transport of soluble product of photo synthesis through phloem is known as trans location . The transport kof prepared food and other substances takes place both in upward and downward directions . This movement of food materials is carried out in phloem by sieve tabes with the help of companion cells . 

Page – 112 

Q.1. Describe the structure and functioning of nephron . 

Ans :- Structure of Nephron :- A nephron is made up of a globular double walled . Bowman’s capsule around a clump of capillaries of glomerulus and a tubule surrounded by blood capillaries . The tabule consists of a proximal convoluted portion , the loop of Henle , with descending and ascending limbs and a distal convoluted part .

Function of nephron :- 

( i ) Filtration of blood takes place in Bowman’s capsule from the capillaries of glomerules . The filtrate passes into the tabular part of the nephron . This filtrate contains glucose , amino acids , urea , uric acid , salts and a major amount of water . 

( ii ) As the filtrate flows along the tabule , useful substances such as glucose , amino acids , salts and water are seleebvely reabsorbed into the blood by capillaries surrounding the nephron tubule . 

( iii ) The filtrate which remained after reabsorption is called urine , urine contains dissolved nitrogenous waste i.e. urea and uric acid , excess salts and water . Urine is collected from nephrons by the collecting dust to carry it to the ureter . 

Q.2. What are the methods used by plants to get rid of excretory products ? 

Ans :- Plants can get rid of excess water by transpiration. For other wastes , plants use the fact that many of their tissues consist of dead cells and that they can even lose parts such as leaves . Many plant waste products are stored in cellular vacuoles . Waste products may be stored in leaves that fall off . Other waste products are stored as resins and gums , especially in old xylem . Plants also excrete some waste substances into the soil around them . 

Q.3. How is the amount of urine produced regulated ? 

Ans :- ( i ) Amount of urine formed depends upon how much excess water there is in the body . 

( ii ) When there is more quantity of dissolved wastes in the body , more quantity of water is required to excrete them . So the amount of urine produced increases . 

( iii ) The amount of urine produced is also regulated by certain hormones which control the movement of water and Na ions and out of he nephrons . 

Select the correct answers

Page – 133 

Q.1. The kidneys in human being are a part of the system for 

( a ) Nutrition.

( b ) Respiration.

( c ) Excretion.

( d ) Transportation. 

Ans :- ( c ) Excretion . 

Q.2. The xylem in plants are responsible for – 

( a ) Transport of water.

( b ) Transport of food.

( c ) Transport of amino acids.

( d ) Transport of oxygen.

Ans :- ( a ) Transport of water . 

Q.3. The autotrophic mode of nutrition requires : 

( a ) Co₂ and water.

( b ) Chlorophyll.

( c ) Sunlight.

( d ) All of above.

Ans :- ( d ) All of above . 

Q.4. The breakdown of pyruvate to give Co₂, water and energy takes place in : 

( a ) Cytoplasm.

( b ) Mitochondria.

( c ) Chloroplast.

( d ) Nucleus.

Ans :- ( b ) Mitochondria . 

See Next Page No Below…