Class 10 Science Chapter 4 Carbon and its compounds

Class 10 Science Chapter 4 Carbon and its compounds The answer to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters NCERT Class 10 Science Chapter 4 Carbon and its compounds and select need one.

Class 10 Science Chapter 4 Carbon and its compounds

Also, you can read the SCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per SCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of SCERT All Subject Solutions. Here we have given Assam Board Class 10 Science Chapter 4 Carbon and its compounds Solutions for All Subjects, You can practice these here…

Long answer type questions

Q.1. (a) The molecular formula of an organic compound is C₁₈H₃₆ Name its homologous series.

(b) Select the hydrocarbons which belong to the same homologous series. Give the name of each series. CH₄, C₂H₂, C₂H₄, C₄H₁₀, C₃H₄, C₃H₆

Ans :- (a) Alkene.

          (b) Alkanes :- CH₄, C₂H₆, CH₁₀

               Alkenes :- C₂H₄, C₃H₆ 

               Alkyne :- C₂H₂, C₃H₄ 

Q.2. You are given an organic compound having the molecular formula C₃H₈. Give the name and formula of the compound formed : 

(a) When one H atom of C₃H₈, is replaced by a Cl atom

(b) When one H atom of C₃H₈ replaced by OH group 

(c) When one H atom of C₃H₈ is replaced by a CHO group. 

(d) When one H atom of C₃H₈ is replaced by a COOH group. 

(e) When two H atoms joined to the middle carbon atom of C₃H₈ are replaced by one O atom. 

Ans :- (a) Chloropropane, CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-CI 

          (b) Propanol, CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-OH 

          (c) Butanal, CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-CHO 

          (d) Butanoic acid, CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-COOH 

          (e) Propanone, CH₃-CO-CH₃

Q.3. three organic compounds A, B and C have the following molecular formula : 

A. C₄H₈O₂

B. C₄H₁₀O

C. C₄H₈O

(a) Which compound contains an alcohol group ? Write its name and structural formula. 

(b) Which compound contains a carboxyl group ? Write its name and structural formula. 

(c) Which molecular formula can represent an aldehyde as well as a ketone ? Write the names and structural formula of the aldehyde and ketone represented by this molecular formula.

Ans :- (a) B; Butanol  

Structural formula :-      

(b) A ; Butanoic acid

Structural formula :-           

(c) C₄H₈O ; Aldehyde :- Butanal 

Structural formula :-        

Ketone :- Butanone  

Structural formula :-        

Q.4. A neutral organic compound is warmed with some ethanoic acid and a little of con, H₂SO₄. Vaporus having sweet smell are evolved, What type of functional group is present in this organic compound ? 

Ans :- Alcohol group, -OH 

Q.5. The structured formula of an ester is :- 

Write the formula of the acid and the alcohol from which it is formed. 

Ans :- Acid :-    

           Alcohol :- CH₃-CH₂-OH 

Q.6. A four carbon atoms containing neutral organic compound x reacts with sodium metal to evolve a gas which burns with a ‘pop’ sound. Another four carbon atoms containing carbon compound reacts with sodium hydrogen carbonate to evolve a gas which turns lime water milky. When compounds x and together in the presence of a little of concentrated sulphuric acid, then a new compound z is formed. 

(a) What is compound X ? Also write its formula. 

(b) What is compound Y ? Also write its formula. 

(c) What is compound Z ? Also write its formula. 

(d) What type of smell is given by compound Z ? 

(e) What is the general name of compounds like Z ? 

(f) What is the general name of the reaction which takes place between X and Y to form Z? 

Ans :- (a) X is butanol, C₄H₉OH

( b ) Y is butanoic acid , C₃H₇COOH 

( c ) Z is butyl butanoate, C₃H₇COOC₄H₉

( d) Sweet – smell.

( e ) Esterification . 

Q.7. Consider the following organic compounds: CH₃OH , C₂H₅OH , CH₃COCH₃ , CH₃ , COOH , C₂H₅COOH , C₄H₉COOC₂H₅, CH₄, C₂H₆ CH₃ CHO, HCHO Out of these compounds : 

( a ) Which compound is most likely to be sweet – smelling ? 

( b ) Which compound on treatment with con . H₂SO₄ nt 170° C forms an alkene ? 

( c ) Which compound on repeated chlorination forms chloroform ? 

( d ) Which compound is added to alcohol to denature it? 

( e ) Which compound is a constituent of vinegar ? 

( f ) Which compound is used to sterilise wounds and syringes ? 

Ans :- ( a ) C₄H₉ COOC₂H₅ ; Easter.

( b ) C₂H₅ OH ; Ethane.

( c ) CH₄

( d ) CH₃OH

( e ) CH₃COOH

( f ) C₂H₅OH

Q.8. A hard material X which is mined from the earth is used as household fuel and also for the generation of electricity at Thermal power stations. A soft material Y is also used as a fuel in the form of candles. A gaseous material Z which occur along with petroleum is increasingly being used as a fuel in running vehicles in its compressed form.

(a) What are materials X, Y and Z ?  

(b) When material X, Y and Z are burned separately : 

(i) Which materials burns by producing a yellow, luminous flame ?  

(ii) Which materials ultimately burns without producing a flame ?  

(iii) Which material can burns in a gas stove by producing a blue flame ?  

Ans :- (a) X is coal 

                Y is wax 

                Z is natural gas 

          (b) (i) Y (wax) 

               (ii) X (coal) 

               (iii) Z (natural gas) 

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